Genesis
35:21 ¶ And Israel journeyed, and spread
his tent beyond the tower of Edar. 22
And it came to pass, when Israel dwelt in that land, that Reuben went
and lay with Bilhah his father’s concubine: and Israel heard it. Now the sons
of Jacob were twelve: 23 The sons of
Leah; Reuben, Jacob’s firstborn, and Simeon, and Levi, and Judah, and Issachar,
and Zebulun: 24 The sons of Rachel;
Joseph, and Benjamin: 25 And the sons of
Bilhah, Rachel’s handmaid; Dan, and Naphtali: 26 And the sons of Zilpah, Leah’s handmaid; Gad,
and Asher: these are the sons of Jacob, which were born to him in Padanaram.
27 And Jacob came unto Isaac his father
unto Mamre, unto the city of Arbah, which is Hebron, where Abraham and Isaac
sojourned. 28 And the days of Isaac were
an hundred and fourscore years. 29 And
Isaac gave up the ghost, and died, and was gathered unto his people, being old
and full of days: and his sons Esau and Jacob buried him.
Reuben
was Leah and Jacob’s firstborn. He had sex with Bilhah, Rachel’s maid, given to
Rachel by her father, Laban. Rachel had herself given Bilhah to Jacob to wife (Genesis 30:4) or to bear
children on her mistress’s behalf. In this unseemly arrangement Bilhah was not
considered a full, legitimate wife but a
concubine, an inferior legal status for a woman. Women had little, if any,
rights in this culture and a servant concubine would have almost no rights. We
have seen Hagar, Sarah’s handmaid, used in such a way, as well, with really
only God’s mercy assisting her. As all reality and events and behaviors are
either part of God’s direct and perfect will as what He prefers to happen or a
part of His permissive will in that He permits it for a reason often unknown to
us we can examine this condition in the light of those facts. God does not
create culture or civilization but He manipulates and modifies them to achieve
His purposes in spite of man’s wicked condition. There is nothing particularly
Godly about this setup for God already gave His direct will, what He wants,
early on. A single man and a single woman unite as one flesh. There is no
allowance for harems, concubines, secondary wives, girlfriends, mistresses, or
any of the other sinful things man desires.
Genesis
2:24 Therefore shall a man leave his
father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one
flesh.
However,
God will use this condition for His purpose of creating the people of Israel.
Here
Reuben is said to have sinned, not against Bilhah, but against Jacob, who
possesses her as a secondary wife or concubine. Under the Law given to Moses as
the Hebrew’s civil and religious regulations we have the following command.
Leviticus
20:11 And the man that lieth with his
father’s wife hath uncovered his father’s nakedness: both of them shall surely
be put to death; their blood shall be upon them.
While
under the spiritual rules given to Christians, which can have no proper civil
significance as Christ’s order cannot be enforced by the civil magistrate
without violating the principle of a willing heart, the offender is to be
banned from the congregation until repentant to keep from polluting the
attitudes and behavior of the church.
1Corinthians
5:1 It is reported commonly that there
is fornication among you, and such fornication as is not so much as named among
the Gentiles, that one should have his father’s wife. 2 And ye are puffed up, and have not rather
mourned, that he that hath done this deed might be taken away from among you.
3 For I verily, as absent in body, but
present in spirit, have judged already, as though I were present, concerning
him that hath so done this deed, 4 In
the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, when ye are gathered together, and my
spirit, with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ, 5 To deliver such an one unto Satan for the
destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord
Jesus. 6 Your glorying is not good. Know
ye not that a little leaven leaveneth the whole lump?
Here,
Jacob’s sons are listed. From these men the children of Israel will issue. It
is also mentioned that Esau and Jacob buried their father Isaac. Isaac is said
to give up the ghost. This is a
reference to his spirit. Here is a reference to Jesus’, who was fully man and
fully God, human spirit or ghost, lowercase
s and g. Here the human spirit
belongs to and ascends to God.
Luke
23:46 And when Jesus had cried with a
loud voice, he said, Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit: and having
said thus, he gave up the ghost.
Again,
not only the soul leaves the flesh at death but here we see the spirit leaves,
as well. Notice Solomon’s question in Ecclesiastes that suggests mankind
doesn’t know what he thinks he knows.
Ecclesiastes
3:21 Who knoweth the spirit of man that
goeth upward, and the spirit of the beast that goeth downward to the earth?
God
uses the spirit of man as one means to examine him from the inside-out.
Proverbs
20:27 The spirit of man is the candle of
the LORD, searching all the inward parts of the belly.
The
Godhead consists of a soul (God the Father), the seat of self-identity and
will, a Spirit (the Holy Ghost called the Holy Spirit or Spirit of God when
referencing acting on physical reality), the very mind of God, and a body, a
physical presence, (Christ or the Word by which all things were created and are
held together). It is important to understand that only God’s three parts can
act independently although guided by one will. If either our soul or spirit
leave us as humans we physically die. Jesus, being fully man and fully God, was
not only the physical image of the invisible God but, as a human, possessed a
lowercase spirit or ghost which He surrendered when He gave
up his brief temporal existence before rising from the dead.
In
these last two passages we’ve studied we have seen that the soul and the spirit
or ghost both leave the body at death. Neither is said to be extinguished or
ceases to exist. When a person’s body dies the unique “I,” that sense of self-identity,
the thoughts, mind, and heart that make them who they are, the soul and the
spirit, are not there but have departed.
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