Genesis
31:36 ¶ And Jacob was wroth, and chode
with Laban: and Jacob answered and said to Laban, What is my trespass? what is
my sin, that thou hast so hotly pursued after me? 37 Whereas thou hast searched all my stuff, what
hast thou found of all thy household stuff? set it here before my brethren and
thy brethren, that they may judge betwixt us both. 38 This twenty years have I been with thee; thy
ewes and thy she goats have not cast their young, and the rams of thy flock
have I not eaten. 39 That which was torn
of beasts I brought not unto thee; I bare the loss of it; of my hand didst thou
require it, whether stolen by day, or stolen by night. 40 Thus I was; in the day the drought consumed
me, and the frost by night; and my sleep departed from mine eyes. 41 Thus have I been twenty years in thy house; I
served thee fourteen years for thy two daughters, and six years for thy cattle:
and thou hast changed my wages ten times. 42
Except the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the fear of Isaac,
had been with me, surely thou hadst sent me away now empty. God hath seen mine
affliction and the labour of my hands, and rebuked thee yesternight.
Jacob
is very angry, or wroth, used
previously in reference to Cain in Genesis 4. He chode, the past tense of chide, meaning to rebuke someone, to speak
angrily at. The Hebrew word is translated for plead, strive, contend, and
debate. He defies Laban to explain what sin he committed against Laban to
justify this hot pursuit and search of Jacob’s belongings. He served Laban for
two decades and served him well, looking after and multiplying Laban’s
possessions, taking responsibility himself for any losses. He suffered much
physically. For fourteen years he worked to earn Leah and Rachel and for six years
the wealth that was his, enduring many changes of payment. Laban is a crook and
were it not for God’s hand in this Jacob is certain he would have been forced
to go away empty handed. God saw his suffering and hard work and that is why
Laban was warned by the God of Jacob’s fathers not to harm him.
Be
warned about employers like this. This is a good lesson to learn also regarding
God’s will in blessing someone in a difficult situation where those with power
are against him. God can help you prosper even when you are being cheated,
oppressed, or held in contempt. This does not justify an employer saying that
you should trust in God so he can cheat you out of your pay. It just lets you
know that God can help even in a situation where everything seems to be against
you if you are doing right. Notice the extra mile that Jacob went to protect
Laban’s assets and take losses upon himself. Jacob was an independent
contractor whose hours worked in a day were not determined by his employer. He
used his knowledge and God’s will to accomplish his work making sure that his
employer received no hurt, when possible.
For
you who complain about how you are treated by your employer do you take
responsibility for losses ‘on your watch’ like Jacob did? Of course, this only
applies to an independent contractor situation you might think. But, at work,
do you give your employer all the work they are paying you for? Do you take
office supplies home or do you have little regard for wasting your employer’s
equipment or being efficient? This is a two-way street. The employee who
expects God to bless them in spite of a bad situation better not find that he
or she is just as much a villain as the boss, if they want that blessing.
Genesis
31:43 ¶ And Laban answered and said unto
Jacob, These daughters are my daughters, and these children are my children,
and these cattle are my cattle, and all that thou seest is mine: and what can I
do this day unto these my daughters, or unto their children which they have
born? 44 Now therefore come thou, let us
make a covenant, I and thou; and let it be for a witness between me and thee.
45 And Jacob took a stone, and set it up
for a pillar. 46 And Jacob said unto his
brethren, Gather stones; and they took stones, and made an heap: and they did
eat there upon the heap. 47 And Laban
called it Jegarsahadutha: but Jacob called it Galeed. 48 And Laban said, This heap is a witness
between me and thee this day. Therefore was the name of it called Galeed;
49 And Mizpah; for he said, The LORD
watch between me and thee, when we are absent one from another. 50 If thou shalt afflict my daughters, or if thou
shalt take other wives beside my daughters, no man is with us; see, God is
witness betwixt me and thee. 51 And
Laban said to Jacob, Behold this heap, and behold this pillar, which I have
cast betwixt me and thee; 52 This heap
be witness, and this pillar be witness, that I will not pass over this heap to
thee, and that thou shalt not pass over this heap and this pillar unto me, for
harm. 53 The God of Abraham, and the God
of Nahor, the God of their father, judge betwixt us. And Jacob sware by the
fear of his father Isaac. 54 Then Jacob
offered sacrifice upon the mount, and called his brethren to eat bread: and
they did eat bread, and tarried all night in the mount. 55 And early in the morning Laban rose up, and
kissed his sons and his daughters, and blessed them: and Laban departed, and
returned unto his place.
Laban
replies that Rachel and Leah are his daughters and that Jacob’s offspring
belong to him. He claims that Jacob’s sheep are his sheep and everything Jacob
has carried off belongs to him. He then admits that he could not possibly do
any harm to his daughters and their children, weakly cutting Jacob out of the
equation. After this verbal domination game he then offers a covenant to Jacob.
I would presume he knows he is beaten in this, that he cannot go against Jacob
and face God’s wrath.
They
laid a pile of stones to memorialize their covenant. Laban called it Jegarsahadutha which Strong says,
confirmed by the context, means ‘witness heap.’ Jacob calls it Galeed. This also means ‘witness heap’
according to Strong’s. It is given the names Galeed and Mizpah, meaning
a watchtower. Laban, and most fathers can understand this sentiment as Laban
warns that this heap of stones signifies that God is watching Jacob’s behavior
toward Laban’s daughters. Laban acknowledges Jehovah God as the judge between
himself and Jacob. Neither of them is to pass that heap of stones to each other
with the intent of doing harm. Jacob agreed and offered a sacrifice and then
they had a meal. The next day Laban departed after kissing his daughters and
grandchildren, presumably never to see them again.
Laban
has engaged in a psychological device where he feels more secure even though he
has no security. The presumed weaker party in a conflict, it is revealed, has a
powerful ally who changes the balance of power in the conflict. The party that
thought it had all the power now demands an agreement where they mutually agree
not to harm each other, as if he still had the power to harm the weaker party
and would be held back by the agreement he proposed. Neither Laban, nor you,
nor your employer, nor your government, nor any individual or collective you
can imagine is able to stand against God; all contracts, signed agreements, and
treaties aside.
God’s
plan of reconciling mankind to Himself continues and another saint has been
nurtured and strengthened in a potential enemy’s camp, receiving booty and
gain, then moving on. The stage is now being set for the creation of the people
of Israel, through which Christ will come.
Genesis,
chapter 32
Genesis
32:1 ¶ And Jacob went on his way, and
the angels of God met him. 2 And when
Jacob saw them, he said, This is God’s host: and he called the name of that
place Mahanaim.
Jacob
sees an amazing sight from the spiritual world. An army of God’s angels
approaches him. This is a sign to Jacob showing the protection of God.
Psalm
34:7 The angel of the LORD encampeth
round about them that fear him, and delivereth them.
Angels
are spiritual beings, typically unseen to us.
Psalm
104:4 Who maketh his angels spirits; his
ministers a flaming fire:
What
a spectacular and frightening apparition that must have been.
As
he saw God’s host, His army, Jacob called it Mahanaim, the plural of a word
that is translated as camp or host or armies elsewhere. Jacob may have named it
based on his people meeting God’s angels, two groups passing each other, his
and the angels. Remember what angels are; representatives of something or
someone that is somewhere else.
Hebrews
12:22 But ye are come unto mount Sion,
and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to an
innumerable company of angels, 23 To the
general assembly and church of the firstborn, which are written in heaven, and
to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect,
We
are surrounded by a great army of God’s saints that have gone on ahead of us,
as a matter of fact. Paul says this after talking about the great saints of God
that have gone on before us.
Hebrews
12:1 Wherefore seeing we also are
compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every
weight, and the sin which doth so easily beset us, and let us run with patience
the race that is set before us, 2
Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith; who for the joy
that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down
at the right hand of the throne of God.
Genesis
32:3 ¶ And Jacob sent messengers before him to Esau
his brother unto the land of Seir, the country of Edom. 4 And he commanded them, saying, Thus shall ye
speak unto my lord Esau; Thy servant Jacob saith thus, I have sojourned with
Laban, and stayed there until now: 5 And
I have oxen, and asses, flocks, and menservants, and womenservants: and I have
sent to tell my lord, that I may find grace in thy sight. 6 And the messengers returned to Jacob, saying,
We came to thy brother Esau, and also he cometh to meet thee, and four hundred
men with him. 7 Then Jacob was greatly
afraid and distressed: and he divided the people that was with him, and the
flocks, and herds, and the camels, into two bands; 8 And said, If Esau come to the one company,
and smite it, then the other company which is left shall escape.
Jacob
and company are about to meet even another group, but this one does not comfort
or put Jacob in awe but terrifies him. Jacob knows that he took advantage of
his brother twenty years ago. He has to pass through Esau’s territory.
Genesis
25:30 And Esau said to Jacob, Feed me, I
pray thee, with that same red pottage; for I am faint: therefore was his name
called Edom.
Genesis
36:8 Thus dwelt Esau in mount Seir: Esau
is Edom.
Notice
the following as the Hebrews travel to the Promised Land.
Deuteronomy
2:1 ¶ Then we turned, and took our
journey into the wilderness by the way of the Red sea, as the LORD spake unto
me: and we compassed mount Seir many days. 2
And the LORD spake unto me, saying, 3
Ye have compassed this mountain long enough: turn you northward. 4 And command thou the people, saying, Ye are
to pass through the coast of your brethren the children of Esau, which dwell in
Seir; and they shall be afraid of you: take ye good heed unto yourselves
therefore: 5 Meddle not with them; for I
will not give you of their land, no, not so much as a foot breadth; because I
have given mount Seir unto Esau for a possession. 6 Ye shall buy meat of them for money, that ye
may eat; and ye shall also buy water of them for money, that ye may drink.
Clearly,
Jacob has kept informed about his brother’s doings. He appears to be making an
offering to Esau, to hopefully buy off his desire for revenge. Jacob’s
servants, which he sent as scouts to see what Esau’s mind was about, tell him
that Esau is coming his way with four hundred men. It does not look good for
Jacob, his family, his servants, and his wealth, if not his life.
Dividing
his group into two Jacob hopes that if Esau attacks one the other will escape.
Notice two things here. God made provision for Esau even though Esau, perhaps,
did not do right by our view. He was carnal, a man dominated by his flesh. But
God took care of him. He was not part of the ministry to reconcile man to God
except in this part with his relationship with Jacob. But God put his territory
in the path of God’s man so that God’s man would have to pass through it.
There
are a lot of potential sermons in this passage, for instance, how you as a
Christian, a type of Jacob, may have to pass through an Esau’s territory to get
where God wants you to go. Or, how you may have to face an unsaved person or a
brother in Christ whom you’ve wronged in the past. How your fears may blow
things all out of proportion to what God has planned. Many sermon
possibilities, many examples of the Christian’s real-life experiences.
Another
thing to consider is how fearful Jacob is even though God told him to go back
to his own place. He lacked the courage of his faith to believe God would
continue to bless and protect him. Here we see in the Bible an understanding of
our weaknesses. Even in the face of our greatest spiritual triumph, even doing
God’s perfect will, we sometimes have fear and uncertainty, doubts and
concerns. It is not unusual, does not show you are denying God’s will, just
that you are human and weak.
Genesis
32:9 ¶ And Jacob said, O God of my
father Abraham, and God of my father Isaac, the LORD which saidst unto me,
Return unto thy country, and to thy kindred, and I will deal well with thee: 10 I am not worthy of the least of all the
mercies, and of all the truth, which thou hast shewed unto thy servant; for
with my staff I passed over this Jordan; and now I am become two bands. 11 Deliver me, I pray thee, from the hand of my
brother, from the hand of Esau: for I fear him, lest he will come and smite me,
and the mother with the children. 12 And
thou saidst, I will surely do thee good, and make thy seed as the sand of the
sea, which cannot be numbered for multitude.
Jacob’s
prayer acknowledges who God is and then repeats what God told him to do. He
makes the interesting statement that he knows he is not worthy of the least of
God’s mercies or the truth that God has revealed to him and so he humbles
himself. Then, he pleads for deliverance from the imagined fury of his brother
for he fears his brother will slaughter his entire family. He finally restates
the promise God made to his family.
Moses
does this when God tests him by threatening to destroy the Hebrews when Aaron
made them a golden calf to worship and they engaged in their wicked heathen worship.
Exodus
32:13 Remember Abraham, Isaac, and
Israel, thy servants, to whom thou swarest by thine own self, and saidst unto
them, I will multiply your seed as the stars of heaven, and all this land that
I have spoken of will I give unto your seed, and they shall inherit it for
ever.
We
must be careful of imposing human limitations on God as if He needed to be
reminded of His promises or He might forget them. Since God clearly knows the
future and what will be done, not only what we will do but what He will do, the
reminder is on the human’s part an argument expressing the justification for
confidence that God will help. We do this in argument with each other when we
remind a boss or a spouse or a friend or acquaintance of something they had
promised when its performance appears to be in doubt. It rarely means that we
actually think they’ve forgotten the promise.
Here
it should be noted that Jacob is making a direct prayer to God with a purpose,
not a prayer at God meaning nothing. In Christian culture much is often made of
the so-called Lord’s Prayer of Matthew 6.
Matthew
6:9 ¶ After this manner therefore pray
ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name. 10 Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth,
as it is in heaven. 11 Give us this day
our daily bread. 12 And forgive us our
debts, as we forgive our debtors. 13 And
lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the
kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen.
It
is repeated in movies and literature, in public events and private, and yet, as
per the context, it is not, “the Lord’s prayer,” but is a model of a prayer for
His disciples and us. It is Jesus teaching the disciples how to pray and in
what form to make a prayer, not even the only form in which to make a prayer.
Yet, most people in the Christian culture and even those who just have a
passing acquaintance with it but feel vulnerable will use this as an excuse not
to engage God but to throw up a ritualistic prayer as if that means something.
Why not just repeat Genesis 1:1 and then ask for something? What about John
1:1-18? Here, Jacob is seeking and assumes he has an audience with the throne
of God and is not just repeating a formula, a chant, or a mantra.
Hebrews
4:11 ¶ Let us labour therefore to enter
into that rest, lest any man fall after the same example of unbelief. 12 For the word of God is quick, and powerful,
and sharper than any twoedged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of
soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the
thoughts and intents of the heart. 13
Neither is there any creature that is not manifest in his sight: but all
things are naked and opened unto the eyes of him with whom we have to do. 14 Seeing then that we have a great high priest,
that is passed into the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our
profession. 15 For we have not an high
priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in
all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin. 16 Let us
therefore come boldly unto the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy, and
find grace to help in time of need.
Always
remember Jesus’ own admonition against endless and vain repetitions and
ritualistic prayers.
Matthew
6:7 But when ye pray, use not vain
repetitions, as the heathen do: for they think that they shall be heard for
their much speaking.
Speak
to God directly if you know He is there to hear you, as Jacob has done. Throw
words out you do not believe if you only hope there is a God and have no
intimate contact with Him through your spirit.
God
wants your genuine, heart-felt prayers and concerns. Of what value is throwing
up the Lord’s Prayer when something bad happens, considering you have no regard
for God at any other time unless you force your children to recite meaningless
mantras like;
“God
is great. God is good. Let us thank Him for our food. Amen.”
“Now
I lay me down to sleep. I pray the Lord my soul to keep. If I should die before
I wake, I pray the Lord my soul to take. Amen.”
Then,
there is the good old stand-by, “Bless this food to our bodies and our bodies
to your service.”
What
do memorized ritual prayers mean if nothing is behind them? Do you think those
recited prayers are considered in these verses?
Psalm
141:2 Let my prayer be set forth before
thee as incense; and the lifting up of my hands as the evening sacrifice.
Psalm
107:21 Oh that men would praise the LORD
for his goodness, and for his wonderful works to the children of men! 22 And let them sacrifice the sacrifices of
thanksgiving, and declare his works with rejoicing.
Jacob
here is speaking to God, not at Him. How do you pray?
Genesis
32:13 ¶ And he lodged there that same
night; and took of that which came to his hand a present for Esau his brother;
14 Two hundred she goats, and twenty he
goats, two hundred ewes, and twenty rams, 15
Thirty milch camels with their colts, forty kine, and ten bulls, twenty
she asses, and ten foals. 16 And he
delivered them into the hand of his servants, every drove by themselves; and
said unto his servants, Pass over before me, and put a space betwixt drove and
drove. 17 And he commanded the foremost,
saying, When Esau my brother meeteth thee, and asketh thee, saying, Whose art
thou? and whither goest thou? and whose are these before thee? 18 Then thou shalt say, They be thy servant
Jacob’s; it is a present sent unto my lord Esau: and, behold, also he is behind
us. 19 And so commanded he the second,
and the third, and all that followed the droves, saying, On this manner shall
ye speak unto Esau, when ye find him. 20
And say ye moreover, Behold, thy servant Jacob is behind us. For he
said, I will appease him with the present that goeth before me, and afterward I
will see his face; peradventure he will accept of me. 21 So went the present over before him: and
himself lodged that night in the company. 22
And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two
womenservants, and his eleven sons, and passed over the ford Jabbok. 23 And he took them, and sent them over the
brook, and sent over that he had.
Jacob
prepares an offering, a gift, for his brother, to appease what Jacob imagines
is his wrath. Jacob assumes that Esau, after this long time, will still seethe
with hatred and a desire for revenge. Of course, this is true in many families.
Some of you still stew in anger and rage at some slight caused you many years
ago by a family member. I’ve been there myself.
The
droves, and remember how cowboys
driving a herd of cattle in an old Western movie were called “drovers,” are
gifts for Esau. One would suppose that Jacob is trying overwhelm Esau with his
generosity. Clearly, Jacob is terrified. The servants are to tell Esau that Jacob
is behind all of this wealth being offered to Esau.
We do not know until later that when
God appeared or walked with a person it was the Lord Jesus Christ, the Word by
which all things were created, the second part of God called the Son of God,
the physical image of God’s person (Hebrews 1:3; Colossians 1:15). He is in
other places called the angel of God or the angel of the LORD, the meaning of
an angel being an appearance of someone who is also somewhere else, which we
have seen (see Genesis, chapter 16, 21, 22, 31).
Isaiah 63:9 In all their affliction he was afflicted, and
the angel of his presence saved
them: in his love and in his pity he redeemed them; and he bare them, and
carried them all the days of old.
God walked with Adam and Eve (Genesis
3:8). He spoke to Noah (Genesis 6). He appeared to Abraham (Genesis 12, 17,
18). He appeared to Isaac (Genesis 26). God spoke to Jacob in a dream (Genesis
31). Here, God in the form of a man, which would be the preincarnate Jesus
Christ, confronts Jacob when he is alone. They have this colossal wrestling
contest. Wrestling is perhaps the oldest combat sport known to man.
Wrestling is mentioned in the
Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh, in Greek
mythology, in Hindu, and Persian writings. It is depicted on very ancient cave
art in Mongolia and on Egyptian tombs. Preachers have long played out this
scene as an example of contending with God in prayer for something that you
want.
Paul says that we contend against
spiritual beings that inhabit the spaces above us.
Ephesians 6:12 For we wrestle not against flesh and blood,
but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness
of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places.
While any wrestling we do is
spiritual in prayer and fighting our flesh this was a bonafide physical
wrestling match in the flesh, at least for Jacob anyway. I would be careful
talking about wrestling with God in prayer. We do not get things from God by
trying to pin Him down in prayer or forcing something from Him. God’s mercy
does not come to us through our force.
Ephesians 6:18 Praying always with all prayer and
supplication in the Spirit, and watching thereunto with all perseverance and
supplication for all saints;
Philippians 4:6 Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by
prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto
God.
The promises offered to us are not
awards we win in a fight with God.
Romans 6:23 For the wages of sin is death; but the gift
of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
We receive these things by trusting
in Christ’s resurrection.
Romans 10:9 That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the
Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the
dead, thou shalt be saved.
And by believing what Jesus said
about Himself in John 14, that He is the only way to God and that He is in fact
the image of God the Father. In John 3:36 believing on Christ is defined as
believing what He said. So, in;
Acts 16:31 And they said, Believe on the Lord Jesus
Christ, and thou shalt be saved, and thy house.
There is no athletic contest with God
involved. If there is a wrestling match, it is between you and your flesh. But,
what we can say here with certainty is a principle of holding on to God and not
letting go, which some of us have done. We need to understand in all ways and
at all times that it is God who is in control of our destiny. There is no war
with Satan, who can do nothing without God’s permission, and no ransom paid to
Satan for our souls, as the ransom is paid to God by God. See Exodus 30:12.
But, as the parable of the friend pleading with his friend for food in Luke 11
and the parable of the unrighteous judge in Luke 18, it is expected that we
will be persistent in prayer and not give up.
To make this a spiritual principle we
have to understand that God often makes Himself apparent to us in reality for
nothing happens that is not either caused by God or permitted by God; no cell
function, not a beat of your heart, or not even sickness and death. For
instance, someone you love is sick, very sick. You pray fervently for their
release from the bondage of sickness. It means a lot to you that they get well.
Do not, “let go,” but pray fervently, fast if you are led to by the spiritual
and emotional urgency of the situation, but understand you may be wounded in
the process. It may be God’s will that the one you love must go to Him. But,
your persistence and sincerity will result in a blessing and you will be
changed by the, “struggle.” This is just one example of possible applications
and preachers have come up with many others.
Jacob holds on and refuses to let go
until God blesses him. He is given the name Israel which typically
is said to mean "God prevails" or "God contends" but here
the meaning in context ironically refers to Jacob prevailing with God. Jacob
demands that his opponent tell him His name. But, there is no need. Jacob knows
with whom his encounter has been. Peniel and Penuel are two spellings of the
same word. There may be another reason but one reason for including both
spellings is the question among Jewish authorities regarding the spelling, I
have read. Both mean ‘to see God face to face.’ Who then has Jacob wrestled
with?
John 14:9 Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long
time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me
hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Shew us the Father?
Hebrews 1:3 Who being the brightness of his glory, and the express image of his person, and
upholding all things by the word of his power, when he had by himself purged
our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high;
Colossians 1:15a Who is the image of the invisible God…
Those who trust in Christ’s
righteousness and realize they are spiritually bankrupt and destitute on their
own shall see God face to face. They are made clean and pure by Christ. (see
Job 11:4; Psalm 24:4; and Proverbs 20:9 for pure as clean.)
Matthew 5:3 ¶ Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is
the kingdom of heaven….8 Blessed are the
pure in heart: for they shall see God.
(The preparation of a heart to
receive Christ is found in Psalms and Isaiah, among other places.
Psalm 34:18 The LORD is nigh unto them that are of a
broken heart; and saveth such as be of a contrite spirit.
Isaiah 66:2 For all those things hath mine hand made, and
all those things have been, saith the LORD: but to this man will I look, even
to him that is poor and of a contrite spirit, and trembleth at my word.)
Jacob will carry with him, in his
limp, a reminder of a very close encounter with the living God. He has had
impressed upon him the unseen power of God in the company of angels he met. He
has been impressed with the immediacy of God in his life with the encounter
with the pre-incarnate Christ. These are two things that should give us pause
as we face uncertain events ahead. There is invisible to us a great host which
God can and will use for His purposes and God Himself does not only meet us in
close encounters but His very Spirit dwells inside of us by virtue of the faith
He gave us when we believed. (i.e.; Romans 3:22; 8:9.)
My wife Beth observed that with his
Uncle Laban telling Jacob that it was their custom to wed the older daughter
first there was an ironic slap in the face to Jacob because of his deception in
presenting himself to his father as Esau, the oldest, to supplant his blessing.
And here, Beth noted that the preincarnate Christ’s asking Jacob what his name
was included the same irony in that Jacob had deceived by presenting himself as
Esau. I thought those observations were very interesting.
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