Sunday, April 4, 2021

Sunday School lesson taught this morning at Lake Marburg Baptist Church: Luke 20:20 through Luke 20:38

 

Luke 20:20 ¶  And they watched him, and sent forth spies, which should feign themselves just men, that they might take hold of his words, that so they might deliver him unto the power and authority of the governor. 21  And they asked him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, neither acceptest thou the person of any, but teachest the way of God truly: 22  Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no? 23  But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me? 24  Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar’s. 25  And he said unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which be Caesar’s, and unto God the things which be God’s. 26  And they could not take hold of his words before the people: and they marvelled at his answer, and held their peace.

 

There is another incident with money that is worthy of mention first in talking about this scene.

 

Matthew 17:24 ¶  And when they were come to Capernaum, they that received tribute money came to Peter, and said, Doth not your master pay tribute? 25  He saith, Yes. And when he was come into the house, Jesus prevented him, saying, What thinkest thou, Simon? of whom do the kings of the earth take custom or tribute? of their own children, or of strangers? 26  Peter saith unto him, Of strangers. Jesus saith unto him, Then are the children free. 27  Notwithstanding, lest we should offend them, go thou to the sea, and cast an hook, and take up the fish that first cometh up; and when thou hast opened his mouth, thou shalt find a piece of money: that take, and give unto them for me and thee.

 

This is difficult for us who constantly fuss and fume about paying our taxes to swallow. But, we as Christians, are to pay necessary taxes. There is no call for us to overpay, though. And we certainly should elect representatives who will honor our views on how much taxes and what kind should be imposed. This world was not like that, though. There was no representative government. Power was imposed from the top down. Jesus teaches that our focus should be on His kingdom, not holding onto the money the state creates.

 

Here, in the passage in Luke 20, Jesus makes it quite clear that there is a distinction between what the world imposes on us as its demands and what God requires. We can no more say we have done what God commands by simply giving money or paying our tribute than we can say we have honored our duty to the state by praying to God.

 

There are things which define us as Christians and Caesar’s money is not one of them. The responsibility that Caesar, our government in type, lays on us in the form of demands on our money is in sharp contrast to what God wants from us.

 

Micah 6:8  He hath shewed thee, O man, what is good; and what doth the LORD require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God?

 

Galatians 5:22  But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, 23  Meekness, temperance: against such there is no law. 24  And they that are Christ’s have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts.

 

Society is run on a fraud that we buy into in order to live. Money today is a fiction of 1s and 0s in a computer but as long as we all agree to play by the fiction things keep moving. It is just like you and I thinking we own our homes. Just try not paying your real estate taxes to see that Caesar, in truth, owns your dwelling place.

 

God’s standards don’t require anyone to go along with them for them to be real. When the whole world of man turns against God He is still in control and we will still answer to Him. God is not like our banking and economic system which suffered a collapse of sorts in 1929 or our mortgage-lending system which came crashing down, in a manner of speaking, in 2008. He does not need everyone’s agreement to be real because we all answer to Him even if we pretend the judgment on us in this life is simply bad luck or oppression by others rather than a visit from God.

 

Render unto Caesar….Paul noted some things that we would do well to try to sort out in our heads as Christians lest we waste our time on things that do not commend us to God.

 

Romans 13:1 ¶  Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God. 2  Whosoever therefore resisteth the power, resisteth the ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation. 3  For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil. Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and thou shalt have praise of the same: 4  For he is the minister of God to thee for good. But if thou do that which is evil, be afraid; for he beareth not the sword in vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil.

5  Wherefore ye must needs be subject, not only for wrath, but also for conscience sake. 6  For for this cause pay ye tribute also: for they are God’s ministers, attending continually upon this very thing.

 

    7 ¶  Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honour to whom honour. 8  Owe no man any thing, but to love one another; for he that loveth another hath fulfilled the law. 9  For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou shalt not covet; and if there be any other commandment, it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. 10  Love worketh no ill to his neighbour: therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.

 

    11 ¶  And that, knowing the time, that now it is high time to awake out of sleep: for now is our salvation nearer than when we believed. 12  The night is far spent, the day is at hand: let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armour of light. 13  Let us walk honestly, as in the day; not in rioting and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and envying. 14  But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for

the flesh, to fulfil the lusts thereof.

 

That being said, government would do well to exercise a light hand lest it force its subjects to resist it. The more oppressive a government is the more it becomes necessary to find ways around its rules, especially when that very government pretends to be a representative one. But, we must remember to whom we belong, who bought us with His own blood.

 

It was Augustus (Luke 2:1), the first emperor after the fall of the Roman republic, who realized that there was a strong connection between his sovereignty and the production of coinage. Julius Caesar, his adopted uncle, had previously instituted the practice of placing his image on coinage, the first time in Roman history that such a thing had been consistently practiced. As the emperor began to embody the state and its policies the placing of the emperor’s image on coins became an important part of the imperial cult, denoting the emperor as a living god. These coins would have had the image of Tiberius Caesar, the reluctant emperor, who spent part of his reign in a self-imposed exile on the island of Capri.

 

The back of his coin had the words ‘Pontif Maxim’ or Supreme Pontiff, a title given to Popes in the era in which we live but at that time denoting the Roman emperor as the head of the pagan state religion of Rome. Christ would have been referring to a coin with the image of a pagan high priest on it as well as the emperor of that part of the world. We might think there is little connection between such a ruler and a modern president or prime minister. I’ll let you consider that. But, remember, in America the people as a group are supposed to be king. Even if it is not that way in fact that is the principle. Our president is a hired manager of sorts who works for a specific period of time. He is not a high priest of a pagan religion and ruler of the world who will pass his reign to his descendants. I’m saying that just to warn you not to take my typology in the comments on this passage too far. 

 

Luke 20:27 ¶  Then came to him certain of the Sadducees, which deny that there is any resurrection; and they asked him, 28  Saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, If any man’s brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother. 29  There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children. 30  And the second took her to wife, and hedied childless. 31  And the third took her; and in like manner the seven also: and they left no children, and died. 32  Last of all the woman died also. 33  Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them is she? for seven had her to wife. 34  And Jesus answering said unto them, The children of this world marry, and are given in marriage: 35  But they which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage: 36  Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the resurrection. 37  Now that the dead are raised, even Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. 38  For he is not a God of the dead, but of the living: for all live unto him.

 

The Sadducees would be very understandable to us today. They were spiritual without believing in the supernatural. They acknowledged nothing that ordinary Christians today would acknowledge.

 

Acts 23:8  For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit: but the Pharisees confess both.

 

There are many philosophical Christians today who think there is a value in the fellowship of church, who acknowledge an idea of God, perhaps even view Christ as a great teacher, even calling Him a savior, but they disregard the teaching of the Bible as superstitious, quaint, and archaic. Christianity, for them, is a cultural icon and a refuge in times of grief and stress but they would reject the clear statements about the six days of creation, the parting of the Red Sea, and perhaps even Christ’s resurrection from the dead and still think of themselves as Christians.

 

The Sadducees are trying to trick Jesus into saying something irrational or foolish but He puts a fact of Heaven to them that they did not have a smart reply for. In Heaven the institutions and physical facts of marriage and procreation will not be necessary. Spiritual beings do not experience physical childbirth or conjugal sex. Whether you regard this as a disaster or not is irrelevant. We will know each other in a more complete and important way than the physical act of sex or the social requirement of marriage. All believers, I feel confident, will be united in Christ in a way more profound that the conjugal relationship of an existence in mortal flesh although I sincerely hope and pray that my wife and I will always know and love each other in a special way in eternity.  God made our marriage possible and sustained it against all odds.  A marriage between a man and a woman is to be like Christ and His church so we will see what God has in store for us.

 

Here, Christ says that there is no death in Heaven.

 

Revelation 21:4  And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed away.

 

What does it mean to be equal unto the angels?

 

John 5:18  Therefore the Jews sought the more to kill him, because he not only had broken the sabbath, but said also that God was his Father, making himself equal with God.

 

Philippians 2:6  Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God:

 

An angel is the presence of someone or something that is somewhere else.

 

Isaiah 63:9  In all their affliction he was afflicted, and the angel of his presence saved them: in his love and in his pity he redeemed them; and he bare them, and carried them all the days of old.

Matthew 18:10  Take heed that ye despise not one of these little ones; for I say unto you, That in heaven their angels do always behold the face of my Father which is in heaven.

Acts 12:13  And as Peter knocked at the door of the gate, a damsel came to hearken, named Rhoda. 14  And when she knew Peter’s voice, she opened not the gate for gladness, but ran in, and told how Peter stood before the gate. 15  And they said unto her, Thou art mad. But she constantly affirmed that it was even so. Then said they, It is his angel. 16  But Peter continued knocking: and when they had opened the door, and saw him, they were astonished.

For all intents and purposes it is that individual.

Judges 2:1 ¶  And an angel of the LORD came up from Gilgal to Bochim, and said, I made you to go up out of Egypt, and have brought you unto the land which I sware unto your fathers; and I said, I will never break my covenant with you.

Judges 13:21  But the angel of the LORD did no more appear to Manoah and to his wife. Then Manoah knew that he was an angel of the LORD. 22  And Manoah said unto his wife, We shall surely die, because we have seen God.

Daniel 9:21  Yea, whiles I was speaking in prayer, even the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening oblation.

Luke 1:26  And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth,

Galatians 4:14  And my temptation which was in my flesh ye despised not, nor rejected; but received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus.

Revelation 1:20  The mystery of the seven stars which thou sawest in my right hand, and the seven golden candlesticks. The seven stars are the angels of the seven churches: and the seven candlesticks which thou sawest are the seven churches.

Revelation 21:17  And he measured the wall thereof, an hundred and forty and four cubits, according to the measure of a man, that is, of the angel.

Angels are the spirits of people made perfect and complete by the Lord Jesus Christ, through faith in Him in a spiritual body that can never die.

Hebrews 12:23  To the general assembly and church of the firstborn, which are written in heaven, and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect, 24  And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel.

 

In this passage Jesus says the children of the resurrection are the children of God. Only those who are His can consider themselves His children. As a spiritual body cannot die this suggests something, that those suffering in the lake of fire in eternity will have an eternally dying and suffering physical body.

 

Isaiah 66:24  And they shall go forth, and look upon the carcases of the men that have transgressed against me: for their worm shall not die, neither shall their fire be quenched; and they shall be an abhorring unto all flesh.

 

God’s children can never die, even though their flesh perishes because we are not what our physical body is.

 

Job 19:26  And though after my skin worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see God: 27  Whom I shall see for myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not another; though my reins [internal organs and experience of emotions and passion] be consumed within me.

 

John 10:28  And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand.

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