Wednesday, September 21, 2022

Psalm 19 comments: the heavens declare the glory of God

 


Psalm 19:1 ¶  «To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.» The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork. 2  Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night sheweth knowledge. 3  There is no speech nor language, where their voice is not heard. 4  Their line is gone out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world. In them hath he set a tabernacle for the sun, 5  Which is as a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, and rejoiceth as a strong man to run a race. 6  His going forth is from the end of the heaven, and his circuit unto the ends of it: and there is nothing hid from the heat thereof.

 

In this passage we can see how David confesses something that is prevalent in the Psalms.

 

Psalm 8:3 ¶  When I consider thy heavens, the work of thy fingers, the moon and the stars, which thou hast ordained;

 

Psalm 33:6  By the word of the LORD were the heavens made; and all the host of them by the breath of his mouth.

 

Psalm 115:16  The heaven, even the heavens, are the LORD’S: but the earth hath he given to the children of men.

 

Psalm 148:3  Praise ye him, sun and moon: praise him, all ye stars of light. 4  Praise him, ye heavens of heavens, and ye waters that be above the heavens.

 

And in the prophets;

 

Isaiah 40:22  It is he that sitteth upon the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in:

 

Jeremiah 10:12  He hath made the earth by his power, he hath established the world by his wisdom, and hath stretched out the heavens by his discretion.

 

Notice the figurative speech about the day uttering speech and the night showing knowledge. Day and night speak for themselves, speaking volumes about God if we are listening, available in every language of mankind. David sees something that modern people, even Christians, are often blind to in that how even the phases of day and night give evidence of God. They cannot be ignored and they exist all over the earth. They are ever present and undeniable.

 

Here, the sun is likened to a bridegroom and an athlete running a race. We get the notion of joy and strength with the overwhelming heat of the sun, pervasive and powerful.

 

Prophetically, what David has said here appears to point us toward Jesus Christ as the Son, S-O-N, and the sun, S-U-N in type. Notice this prophecy in Malachi with the Sun capitalized.

 

Malachi 4:1 ¶  For, behold, the day cometh, that shall burn as an oven; and all the proud, yea, and all that do wickedly, shall be stubble: and the day that cometh shall burn them up, saith the LORD of hosts, that it shall leave them neither root nor branch. 2  But unto you that fear my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings; and ye shall go forth, and grow up as calves of the stall.

 

The Lord’s appearance is likened to the sun, as well.

 

Revelation 1:16  And he had in his right hand seven stars: and out of his mouth went a sharp twoedged sword: and his countenance was as the sun shineth in his strength.

 

And He will take the place of the sun in providing illumination.

 

Isaiah 60:19  The sun shall be no more thy light by day; neither for brightness shall the moon give light unto thee: but the LORD shall be unto thee an everlasting light, and thy God thy glory. 20  Thy sun shall no more go down; neither shall thy moon withdraw itself: for the LORD shall be thine everlasting light, and the days of thy mourning shall be ended.

 

Revelation 21:23  And the city had no need of the sun, neither of the moon, to shine in it: for the glory of God did lighten it, and the Lamb is the light thereof.

 

Revelation 22:5  And there shall be no night there; and they need no candle, neither light of the sun; for the Lord God giveth them light: and they shall reign for ever and ever.

 

From a personal perspective we have been brainwashed with this philosophy of atheistic and materialistic determinism. The modernistic view keeps us blind to the actions of God all around us, in us, and by us. Once we open our spiritual eyes, the eyes of our mind, we can see God’s involvement in the smallest detail of life. Reality, as we know it if we are not half asleep, literally shouts “God is doing it.” Look at the sky, look at the earth, look into your own hands, and see God at work.

 

Psalm 19:7 ¶  The law of the LORD is perfect, converting the soul: the testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple. 8  The statutes of the LORD are right, rejoicing the heart: the commandment of the LORD is pure, enlightening the eyes. 9  The fear of the LORD is clean, enduring for ever: the judgments of the LORD are true and righteous altogether. 10  More to be desired are they than gold, yea, than much fine gold: sweeter also than honey and the honeycomb. 11  Moreover by them is thy servant warned: and in keeping of them there is great reward. 12  Who can understand his errors? cleanse thou me from secret faults. 13  Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins; let them not have dominion over me: then shall I be upright, and I shall be innocent from the great transgression. 14  Let the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart, be acceptable in thy sight, O LORD, my strength, and my redeemer.

 

David has declared the sovereignty of God and how obvious He is in His creation. Now David moves to the words of God, the Law given to Moses. Here, David makes some important declarations about God’s law, his statutes, and his judgments. Notice this verse to show how these are all interconnected.

 

Nehemiah 9:13  Thou camest down also upon mount Sinai, and spakest with them from heaven, and gavest them right judgments, and true laws, good statutes and commandments:

 

David says the law is perfect, converting the soul of man and imparting wisdom. He also says in verse 8 that God’s law is right and makes the heart rejoice with the clause after the colon defining that more clearly in that God’s law is pure and opens up the internal eyes of man, letting him or her see truth and giving them understanding. So, we have conversion and if that is truly accomplished we have enlightenment through God’s law.

 

In verse 9 David declares that the fear of the Lord is clean. Clean is contrasted with unclean, that which is approved by God with that which is not.

Leviticus 10:10  And that ye may put difference between holy and unholy, and between unclean and clean;

 

The fear of the Lord is an important phrase in the Bible. There are dozens of places where it is referred to and it is defined. Here are two examples in Proverbs.

 

Proverbs 8:13  The fear of the LORD is to hate evil: pride, and arrogancy, and the evil way, and the froward mouth, do I hate.

 

Proverbs 9:10  The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom: and the knowledge of the holy is understanding.

 

David says by the law of God His servant is warned and that is a great reward in following them. Notice what is said later in Psalms about God’s words.

 

Psalm 119:11  Thy word have I hid in mine heart, that I might not sin against thee.

 

David then says how can you understand your errors and asks for cleansing from his secret faults.

 

He expresses a sentiment found elsewhere about how ignorant man really is and how incapable he is of not only knowing his evil but even doing anything about it without God’s intervention.

 

Jeremiah 10:23  O LORD, I know that the way of man is not in himself: it is not in man that walketh to direct his steps.

 

Jeremiah 17:9  The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it?

 

As Paul says in Romans 7:19  For the good that I would I do not: but the evil which I would not, that I do.

 

And elsewhere in Psalms;

 

Psalm 17:5  Hold up my goings in thy paths, that my footsteps slip not.

 

Psalm 37:23  The steps of a good man are ordered by the LORD: and he delighteth in his way.

 

Psalm 119:116 ¶  Uphold me according unto thy word, that I may live: and let me not be ashamed of my hope. 117  Hold thou me up, and I shall be safe: and I will have respect unto thy statutes continually.

 

And in Proverbs;

 

Proverbs 16:1 ¶  The preparations of the heart in man, and the answer of the tongue, is from the LORD.

 

Proverbs 20:24 ¶  Man’s goings are of the LORD; how can a man then understand his own way?

 

David speaks of his secret faults in verse 12. This, according to most commentators, refers to David’s sins committed out of ignorance. We can and do commit sins because we do not have sufficient knowledge of a matter. For instance, we may think we are doing right but what we are doing is against the principles laid down by God in the Bible. These could be things like trying to dominate others or expressing contempt unconsciously. I am reminded in my own life when I became aware of unintended and unconscious words that hurt someone. They were words I did not need to use but that the culture I grew up in accepted as okay. When I became aware of words that expressed contempt, even light-hearted contempt, for someone because of their sex, race, or ethnic background I realized that I had been unnecessarily cruel and justified it when called on it by saying, “well they should just have thicker skin.”

 

Remember, in our human law, you have no excuse for committing a crime simply because you weren’t aware it was a crime. Ignorance of the law is no excuse. David is referring to things hidden from him that are wrong, that he asks for protection from.

 

Some few commentators insist, though, that this is a reference to sins David tries to hide from God. For instance, his affair with Bathsheba.

 

What is a presumptuous sin that David prays for in verse 13 that it does not have dominion over him? When David assumes that God will accept something David does without any scriptural justification David is presuming on God. Nadab and Abihu, in Leviticus 10:1-2, presumed that offering incense that was not approved by God was okay and they died for it. Uzzah assumed God wouldn’t mind if he kept the Ark from falling in 2Samuel 6:6-7. Israel assumed that God would give them victory because the Ark was with them in 1Samuel 4:3-11. We might assume that God would extend our lives another year to make money. See James 4:13-17.

 

Although all sin is rebellion against God presumption makes it worse for us here in our flesh.

 

Numbers 15:30 ¶  But the soul that doeth ought presumptuously, whether he be born in the land, or a stranger, the same reproacheth the LORD; and that soul shall be cut off from among his people. 31  Because he hath despised the word of the LORD, and hath broken his commandment, that soul shall utterly be cut off; his iniquity shall be upon him.

 

In verse 14 David pleads his words and his thoughts be acceptable to God. We know that we need God’s word to direct our words and even our thoughts to be acceptable to Him.

 

Proverbs 3:5  Trust in the LORD with all thine heart; and lean not unto thine own understanding. 6  In all thy ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct thy paths.

 

Proverbs 16:3  Commit thy works unto the LORD, and thy thoughts shall be established.

 

2Corinthians 10:5  Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ;

Prophetically speaking, whereas God’s majesty and glory are revealed, as the first part Psalm 19 says, in physical reality, the universe it is even more pronounced, as it is stated in this passage, and clear from divine revelation, God’s Law, and His commandments.

 

In this passage, Jehovah, rendered as LORD, all caps, is repeated seven times, a number of perfection and completion in the Bible. God’s word, His Law, lifts up and completes or perfects His man or woman.

 

2Timothy 3:16  All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: 17  That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works.

 

God’s word is a prophetic warning to Israel in Ezekiel 3:17, repeated in 33:7.

 

Ezekiel 3:17  Son of man, I have made thee a watchman unto the house of Israel: therefore hear the word at my mouth, and give them warning from me.

 

God’s word should be a warning to all nations.

 

Psalm 9:17  The wicked shall be turned into hell, and all the nations that forget God.

 

Personally, there are several things of note in this passage. Rejoice, as a word, carries within it the idea of joy and that is one of the fruits or proof that one has the Spirit of God inside of them.

 

Galatians 5:22  But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, 23  Meekness, temperance: against such there is no law.

 

We should cling to God’s word for support. I don’t mean some fanciful or wishful thinking interpretation as in ‘God would never let anything bad happen to one of his people’ or some interpretation based on a political agenda. I am referring to the plain truth of Scripture, the most profound and clear sense that God lays on our hearts.

 

God’s word can convert us, give us wisdom, and open up our eyes to the truth about who we really are.

 

Hebrews 4:12  For the word (that is lowercase w) of God is quick, and powerful, and sharper than any twoedged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart.

 

One way for us to look at verse 14 is to plead with God to make our prayers and our thoughts acceptable to Him, to do that with us, for us, and through us by the Holy Spirit inside of us.

 

 

Bible Study with Fred # 284, The Gospel According to Luke. Luke 2:1-7

Sunday, September 11, 2022

Matthew, chapter 6, comments: do not worry

 



Matthew 6:1 ¶  Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye have no reward of your Father which is in heaven. 2  Therefore when thou doest thine alms, do not sound a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. 3  But when thou doest alms, let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth: 4  That thine alms may be in secret: and thy Father which seeth in secret himself shall reward thee openly.

 

Giving of alms, what we call charity today, was the giving of food and money to the poor and indigent. From the Jewish Encyclopedia we have this;

 

According to the Mosaic conception, wealth is a loan from God, and the poor have a certain claim on the possessions of the rich; while the rich are positively enjoined to share God's bounties with the poor. A systematic mode of relief of the needy was, therefore, provided by the law and by the institutions of the synagogue. But all these provisions could not entirely remove want. "The poor shall never cease out of the land," says the lawgiver, and commands: "Thou shalt open thine hand wide unto thy brother, to thy poor, and to thy needy, in thy land" (Deut. xv. 11). In the course of time the giving of Alms out of mere pity and without regard to the permanent relief of the recipient, became a meritorious practise, possessing, like sacrifice, the power of atoning for man's sins, and redeeming him from calamity and death.[1]

This principle shows us that if you give money and services openly trumpeting your charity publicly like a corporation presenting a giant check to some group and posting the picture of the ceremony online you have your reward.

 

Matthew 6:5 ¶  And when thou prayest, thou shalt not be as the hypocrites are: for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen of men. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. 6  But thou, when thou prayest, enter into thy closet, and when thou hast shut thy door, pray to thy Father which is in secret; and thy Father which seeth in secret shall reward thee openly. 7  But when ye pray, use not vain repetitions, as the heathen do: for they think that they shall be heard for their much speaking. 8  Be not ye therefore like unto them: for your Father knoweth what things ye have need of, before ye ask him.

 

This is a tough one for me to talk about because I am not known for long-winded prayers nor do I like it when someone preaches at me while allegedly praying to God. But is this a condemnation of public prayer? I don’t believe God rejects any sincere prayer and it does look like Solomon made a very public prayer on his knees in 2Chronicles 6 although some would insist that the text does not literally say he said the prayer loud enough for a crowd to here. I mean, he could have. Remember that Ben Franklin noted that George Whitefield, in certain venues, could be heard a half mile away. Whether he was exaggerating or not I can’t say.

 

In any event, the context of the entire passage tells us that repetitive prayers, pagan chanting; the repetitive chanting of words and phrases which I’ve read was common among pagan religions is condemned by Christ. Prayers should be sincere, from the heart, asking God or praising God. We must understand that it is not the power of prayer but the power of the one being prayed to that matters.

 

Some sources say that ancient priests would claim power over their gods and natural events with a chant repeated over and over again, much like a misguided Christian who thinks if they repeat the so-called Lord’s Prayer over and over they will be protected from harm.

 

Matthew 6:9 ¶  After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name. 10  Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven. 11  Give us this day our daily bread. 12  And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. 13  And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen. 14  For if ye forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you: 15  But if ye forgive not men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses.

 

Let’s first look at my comments on the so-called Lord’s Prayer from Luke;

 

“Luke 11:1 ¶  And it came to pass, that, as he was praying in a certain place, when he ceased, one of his disciples said unto him, Lord, teach us to pray, as John also taught his disciples. 2  And he said unto them, When ye pray, say, Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, as in heaven, so in earth. 3  Give us day by day our daily bread. 4  And forgive us our sins; for we also forgive every one that is indebted to us. And lead us not into temptation; but deliver us from evil. 5  And he said unto them, Which of you shall have a friend, and shall go unto him at midnight, and say unto him, Friend, lend me three loaves; 6  For a friend of mine in his journey is come to me, and I have nothing to set before him? 7  And he from within shall answer and say, Trouble me not: the door is now shut, and my children are with me in bed; I cannot rise and give thee. 8  I say unto you, Though he will not rise and give him, because he is his friend, yet because of his importunity he will rise and give him as many as he needeth. 9  And I say unto you, Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you. 10  For every one that asketh receiveth; and he that seeketh findeth; and to him that knocketh it shall be opened. 11  If a son shall ask bread of any of you that is a father, will he give him a stone? or if he ask a fish, will he for a fish give him a serpent? 12  Or if he shall ask an egg, will he offer him a scorpion? 13  If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your children: how much more shall your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to them that ask him?

 

In a great passage on prayer one of Jesus’ disciples asks a logical question about how His followers should pray. Jesus replies with a model that starts with identifying to whom you are praying, God the Father in Heaven. He then praises the Father and prays that the name of God be hallowed, holy, set apart. Of course, in our world His name is all too often used as a curse word with no reverence or respect with even Christians using substitutes for God and Jesus Christ like gosh, golly, and gee whiz. I heard a child once say that when you love someone their name is safe in your mouth. Using God’s name flippantly as a curse word or exclamation does not show love at all, of course.

 

Jesus then tells the disciple to pray for the kingdom of God, the kingdom of Heaven, to arrive on earth, to be fulfilled, and that God’s will, clearly His perfect, directive will rather than just permission, be done on earth as it is in Heaven. He then brings the prayer down to asking for God to supply daily needs. In history, for the common man at least, hunger and starvation were constant threats, as well as the disease that consumed a body weakened by day-in and day-out hunger…

 

…After asking for what was needed in that day Jesus told the disciple to pray for their sins against God to be forgiven in the same manner that they forgave sins committed against them. This rather radical statement says that we are not worthy to have our sins forgiven if we are not willing to forgive others. Peter questioned such a command.

 

Matthew 18:21 ¶  Then came Peter to him, and said, Lord, how oft shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? till seven times? 22  Jesus saith unto him, I say not unto thee, Until seven times: but, Until seventy times seven.

 

Certainly, the nature of our forgiveness is a little different than God’s due to our finite and weak position. When God forgives He restores fellowship with Him. We dare not always do that. The shop-owner who forgives the cashier who stole money from them would be an idiot to put that person back on the cash register if the person was even kept in the employment at all. They might forgive the person and wish them no harm but dismiss them from their job for prudence sake.

 

In the same respect if a person in a position of trust and authority harms a child sexually or physically in some other manner it is possible to forgive them but it is never acceptable to ever let them be in a position of trust and authority again where they can hurt children. And, if the offender were a Christian they would never want to be put in that position again or ask to be.

 

So, our forgiveness does not always involve restoration although it could. A spouse may forgive an adultery and restore their cheating spouse to the marriage or they may forgive and simply acknowledge the irreconcilable breach caused by the adulterer and move on.

 

But, regardless of the ability or willingness to restore or not, it is essential that we forgive those who sin against us, even the most egregious sins against our person or soul. One of the greatest causes of mental illness is the unwillingness to forgive or to be forgiven. It will eat you alive and ruin your life even more than the actions of the perpetrator. By not forgiving them you give them power to hurt you again and again and again.

 

Christ calls us to forgive trespasses against us. It is not only a command but it is a healthy thing to do lest bitterness consume us. This statement of Christ underscores that we are in a time before the Resurrection and this is still a very Jewish prayer that suggests you will not be forgiven if you do not forgive. Jewish and Gentile Christians are not saved or lost based on their willingness to forgive but on their faith in Christ and in His righteousness, the fact that He forgave them, to get to Heaven. Be careful how you apply this verse and this prayer although it is a great prayer for us all to remind us of our need to forgive and how much Christ has forgiven us.

 

Then, we come to a very confusing statement for those people who do not read and cross-reference their Bible. What is a temptation? Biblically defined a temptation is a test, a trial, a proving of your faith and trust in God. The Devil tempts us in the hopes that we will fall away from Christ and reject Him, while God tempts and tries us to reveal our faith.

 

James 1:13 ¶  Let no man say when he is tempted, I am tempted of God: for God cannot be tempted with evil, neither tempteth he any man: 14  But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. 15  Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin: and sin, when it is finished, bringeth forth death.

 

So, a temptation can be sin itself as it leads you away from God. Many people, especially young people, have abandoned their faith when the lusts of youth demanded their attention. A noted evolutionary biologist, Edward O. Wilson, wrote a book entitled Consilience in which he writes in chapter one about the joy he felt when he found and believed in the theory of evolution and the unity of all sciences with that atheistic determinism as their foundation, well unquestionable fact more than theory to him with the following as part of his journey to atheism;

On a far more modest scale, I found it a wonderful feeling not just to taste the unification metaphysics but also to be released from the confinement of fundamentalist religion. I had been raised a Southern Baptist, laid backward under the water on the sturdy arm of a pastor, been born again. I knew the healing power of redemption. Faith, hope, and charity were in my bones, and with millions of others I knew that my savior Jesus Christ would grant me eternal life. More pious than the average teenager, I read the Bible cover to cover, twice. But now at college, steroid-driven into moods of adolescent rebellion, I chose to doubt.

It can also be suffering that puts pressure on your faith and, if you are not grounded in God’s word, can lead you away from Him in your pain and anguish.

 

Galatians 4:14  And my temptation which was in my flesh ye despised not, nor rejected; but received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus.

 

And it can be persecution that forces you, in order to be accepted by people or to keep from losing life, liberty, family, employment, or property, to consider turning your back on God. Essentially, though, a temptation is a test, a time of trial, and it can be caused by many different circumstances. It is rarely a pleasant experience and if our faith is weak and not grounded it can lead to disaster.

 

Evil, synonymous with a temptation here, can be in context simply trouble, the calamity that comes to our lives from giving into temptations or the trouble that comes to us naturally living in fallen bodies in a fallen world. It can also be judgment’s consequences.

 

Matthew 6:34  Take therefore no thought for the morrow: for the morrow shall take thought for the things of itself. Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof.

 

Genesis 47:9  And Jacob said unto Pharaoh, The days of the years of my pilgrimage are an hundred and thirty years: few and evil have the days of the years of my life been, and have not attained unto the days of the years of the life of my fathers in the days of their pilgrimage.

 

In this prayer that which challenges our faith is a malicious event that can bring us down. The person praying was pleading to be delivered from all such harms, griefs, disappointments, and discouragements that challenge faith.

 

Then, Jesus gives a short parable on being persistent in prayer, promising that God will provide your needs. As Jesus said in regard to our basic needs in Luke, chapter 12, and in Matthew, chapter 6, quoted above.

 

Of course, your cellphone service payment and the mortgage on the house at the beach don’t count as needs. We’re talking about what is needed to get by from day to day. God uses other people sometimes to provide our needs and needs are met most assuredly while we are doing our part. I have always been amazed at Christians who are struggling and yet refuse employment, refuse to improve their work skills, or insist that not only do they need someone to give them something but want to have the right to demand exactly in what form it is given.

 

With regard to temptation Paul offered this under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit.

 

1Corinthians 10:13  There hath no temptation taken you but such as is common to man: but God is faithful, who will not suffer you to be tempted above that ye are able; but will with the temptation also make a way to escape, that ye may be able to bear it.

 

In the context of verse 13 evil is that capacity to be malicious and hard-hearted, capable and willing of doing harm.

 

Genesis 37:33  And he knew it, and said, It is my son’s coat; an evil beast hath devoured him; Joseph is without doubt rent in pieces.

 

Genesis 50:20  But as for you, ye thought evil against me; but God meant it unto good, to bring to pass, as it is this day, to save much people alive.

 

We know this is an accurate description of even the best of people at their core from our own experience if we are honest and from the Bible.

 

Jeremiah 17:9  The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it?

 

The point here is that God will answer this prayer if made sincerely, persistently, and within the confines of what we know to be His will. This is a promise we are challenged to press for the fulfillment of, being constant in prayer. We ought to pray it every day.”

 

Now, back to the passage here in Matthew 6. Notice that the talk in Matthew and in Luke are given on different occasions. Matthew, in verse 13 says;

 

For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen.

 

Compare that to;

 

1Chronicles 29:11  Thine, O LORD, is the greatness, and the power, and the glory, and the victory, and the majesty: for all that is in the heaven and in the earth is thine; thine is the kingdom, O LORD, and thou art exalted as head above all.

 

Notice the debt we owe when we sin against someone. Clearly by looking at the context and comparing to the passage in Luke this is not a financial issue but clearly about our sin, a sin we sin against another and against God. We are expected to forgive sins against us as we ask for our sins to be forgiven.

 

Salvation for the Jews was contingent upon their obedience and our relationship with Christ, indeed the Holy Spirit’s light within us can be dimmed by our sin although most of us do not believe we can lose our salvation.

 

Read Ephesians 4 about grieving the Holy Spirit with your sin.

 

Matthew 6:16 ¶  Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad countenance: for they disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. 17  But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face; 18  That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in secret: and thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall reward thee openly.

 

Fasting is a very interesting practice mentioned here. Is it to be a calculated practice where you schedule a fast or is it, as some say, the consequence of a trial you are going through or a supplication you are making for God and there is no desire to eat food as you are too consumed by what you are facing?

 

Commentators say that under the Law there was one fast on the Day of Atonement when men were to afflict their souls which was understood by the Rabbis to mean fasting. See Leviticus 23:27 and Numbers 29:7. In times of distress there were other fasts in times of distress or penitence. See;

 

Joel 1:14 ¶  Sanctify ye a fast, call a solemn assembly, gather the elders and all the inhabitants of the land into the house of the LORD your God, and cry unto the LORD, 15  Alas for the day! for the day of the LORD is at hand, and as a destruction from the Almighty shall it come.

16  Is not the meat cut off before our eyes, yea, joy and gladness from the house of our God?

 

A fast was used for a nefarious purpose;

 

1Kings 21:7  And Jezebel his wife said unto him, Dost thou now govern the kingdom of Israel? arise, and eat bread, and let thine heart be merry: I will give thee the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite.8  So she wrote letters in Ahab’s name, and sealed them with his seal, and sent the letters unto the elders and to the nobles that were in his city, dwelling with Naboth. 9  And she wrote in the letters, saying, Proclaim a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people: 10  And set two men, sons of Belial, before him, to bear witness against him, saying, Thou didst blaspheme God and the king. And then carry him out, and stone him, that he may die.

 

A fast could be the expression of extreme concern and anxiety;

 

2Samuel 12:15 ¶  And Nathan departed unto his house. And the LORD struck the child that Uriah’s wife bare unto David, and it was very sick. 16  David therefore besought God for the child; and David fasted, and went in, and lay all night upon the earth.

 

 Mourning over sin;

 

Ezra 10:6 ¶  Then Ezra rose up from before the house of God, and went into the chamber of Johanan the son of Eliashib: and when he came thither, he did eat no bread, nor drink water: for he mourned because of the transgression of them that had been carried away.

 

Mourning for Jerusalem as well as the sins of the people;

 

Nehemiah 1:1 ¶  The words of Nehemiah the son of Hachaliah. And it came to pass in the month Chisleu, in the twentieth year, as I was in Shushan the palace, 2  That Hanani, one of my brethren, came, he and certain men of Judah; and I asked them concerning the Jews that had escaped, which were left of the captivity, and concerning Jerusalem. 3  And they said unto me, The remnant that are left of the captivity there in the province are in great affliction and reproach: the wall of Jerusalem also is broken down, and the gates thereof are burned with fire.

4  And it came to pass, when I heard these words, that I sat down and wept, and mourned certain days, and fasted, and prayed before the God of heaven, 5 ¶  And said, I beseech thee, O LORD God of heaven, the great and terrible God, that keepeth covenant and mercy for them that love him and observe his commandments: 6  Let thine ear now be attentive, and thine eyes open, that thou mayest hear the prayer of thy servant, which I pray before thee now, day and night, for the children of Israel thy servants, and confess the sins of the children of Israel, which we have sinned against thee: both I and my father’s house have sinned.

 

But God also spoke through Isaiah with a criticism of the intentions of the fasting that so-called holy men would perform, bringing us to Jesus’ explanation here in Matthew 6.

 

Isaiah 58:3 ¶  Wherefore have we fasted, say they, and thou seest not? wherefore have we afflicted our soul, and thou takest no knowledge? Behold, in the day of your fast ye find pleasure, and exact all your labours. 4  Behold, ye fast for strife and debate, and to smite with the fist of wickedness: ye shall not fast as ye do this day, to make your voice to be heard on high. 5  Is it such a fast that I have chosen? a day for a man to afflict his soul? is it to bow down his head as a bulrush, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him? wilt thou call this a fast, and an acceptable day to the LORD? 6  Is not this the fast that I have chosen? to loose the bands of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, and to let the oppressed go free, and that ye break every yoke? 7  Is it not to deal thy bread to the hungry, and that thou bring the poor that are cast out to thy house? when thou seest the naked, that thou cover him; and that thou hide not thyself from thine own flesh?

 

There are things in God’s will that are more important than others. Humans tend to enjoy worship that is self-glorifying rather than glorifying to God. In Isaiah God lays out what He is seeking that is more important than ritual.

 

Matthew 6:19 ¶  Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth, where moth and rust doth corrupt, and where thieves break through and steal: 20  But lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust doth corrupt, and where thieves do not break through nor steal: 21  For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also. 22  The light of the body is the eye: if therefore thine eye be single, thy whole body shall be full of light. 23  But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body shall be full of darkness. If therefore the light that is in thee be darkness, how great is that darkness! 24  No man can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon.

 

Here is a great lesson on what should be the Christian’s priorities. There are many verses and episodes in the Old and New Testament that buttress what Jesus is saying here including those who warn against depending on earthly riches.

 

Psalm 39:6  Surely every man walketh in a vain shew: surely they are disquieted in vain: he heapeth up riches, and knoweth not who shall gather them.

 

Psalm 62:10  Trust not in oppression, and become not vain in robbery: if riches increase, set not your heart upon them.

 

Proverbs 11:4 ¶  Riches profit not in the day of wrath: but righteousness delivereth from death.

Proverbs 16:16 ¶  How much better is it to get wisdom than gold! and to get understanding rather to be chosen than silver!

 

Luke 12:21  So is he that layeth up treasure for himself, and is not rich toward God.

 

Luke 18:24  And when Jesus saw that he was very sorrowful, he said, How hardly shall they that have riches enter into the kingdom of God!

 

1Timothy 6:8  And having food and raiment let us be therewith content. 9  But they that will be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which drown men in destruction and perdition. 10  For the love of money is the root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows…17  Charge them that are rich in this world, that they be not highminded, nor trust in uncertain riches, but in the living God, who giveth us richly all things to enjoy;

 

The word single in verse 22 is interesting. It is translated from a Greek word, according to Strong’s Dictionary, meaning whole or sound. Notice that single is contrasted with evil in this passage, indicating health and soundness on the one hand and diseased or malfunctioning on the other. A spiritually healthy person serves God and places their trust and hope in heaven while a sick and twisted person places their confidence in the riches of the world.

 

You can’t serve both God and mammon, an Aramaic word used here to personify worldly wealth in contrast to God.

 

Matthew 6:25 ¶  Therefore I say unto you, Take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink; nor yet for your body, what ye shall put on. Is not the life more than meat, and the body than raiment? 26  Behold the fowls of the air: for they sow not, neither do they reap, nor gather into barns; yet your heavenly Father feedeth them. Are ye not much better than they? 27  Which of you by taking thought can add one cubit unto his stature? 28  And why take ye thought for raiment? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow; they toil not, neither do they spin: 29  And yet I say unto you, That even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. 30  Wherefore, if God so clothe the grass of the field, which to day is, and to morrow is cast into the oven, shall he not much more clothe you, O ye of little faith? 31  Therefore take no thought, saying, What shall we eat? or, What shall we drink? or, Wherewithal shall we be clothed? 32  (For after all these things do the Gentiles seek:) for your heavenly Father knoweth that ye have need of all these things. 33  But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness; and all these things shall be added unto you. 34  Take therefore no thought for the morrow: for the morrow shall take thought for the things of itself. Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof.

 

God typically honors prudent behavior. He honors doing sensible things typically. Therefore, we cannot simply dismiss this as a condemnation of savings and retirement funds, or insurance, to leave behind some form of living for our family after our death, hard work, or attempts at self-reliance. This is not a call for Jesus’ followers to be irresponsible and to write it off as faith. As mammon was used in the last passage to personify worldly riches and compare them to treasure in heaven, in service to God, so here is a call not to anxiety or fear or undue concern over the smallest need but to faith in God.

 

Jesus’ followers are not called to sit on their hands and wait for a government handout or charity.

 

Romans 12:11  Not slothful in business; fervent in spirit; serving the Lord;

 

1Thessalonians 4:11  And that ye study to be quiet, and to do your own business, and to work with your own hands, as we commanded you; 12  That ye may walk honestly toward them that are without, and that ye may have lack of nothing.

 

2Thessalonians 3:10  For even when we were with you, this we commanded you, that if any would not work, neither should he eat…12  Now them that are such we command and exhort by our Lord Jesus Christ, that with quietness they work, and eat their own bread.

 

But see how David, a man of war, gave credit for his success to God. Inasmuch as David fought successfully here is one example of giving God the credit.

 

Psalm 18:17  He delivered me from my strong enemy, and from them which hated me: for they were too strong for me.

 

See how Ezra prepared his heart to know the Scriptures.

 

Ezra 7:10  For Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the law of the LORD, and to do it, and to teach in Israel statutes and judgments.

 

See how you work but it is God who supplies the bounty.

 

Philippians 4:19  But my God shall supply all your need according to his riches in glory by Christ Jesus.

 

Just as it is He who provides the prey for the predator even though you can watch the predator at work. Verse 26 says that God feeds the fowls of the air.

 

Job 38:39  Wilt thou hunt the prey for the lion? or fill the appetite of the young lions,…41  Who provideth for the raven his food? when his young ones cry unto God, they wander for lack of meat.

 

So, the important doctrinal point here is not that we are called to do nothing about our lives but that we are called to work for our living understanding that it is God who provides what is needed and necessary, typically, if we work hard. This is a difficult thing for Americans to consider seeing as we tend to dislocate our arm trying to pat ourselves on the back for our success in life.

 

The value of our lives should be in more than what we eat and what we wear, our needs for survival. God knows what you need and the point of this passage is summed up in seeking God’s kingdom. All that you need will be provided for you. Hard work, faith in God, and righteous behavior will take you a long way and you need not worry about tomorrow. This is the principle.

 

Again we see evil defined in a specific context. Here it is the trouble, difficulties, and challenges each day brings.

 

Here it is disobedience to God;

 

Genesis 2:9  And out of the ground made the LORD God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil…17  But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.

 

Here it is malicious intent;

 

Genesis 37:20  Come now therefore, and let us slay him, and cast him into some pit, and we will say, Some evil beast hath devoured him: and we shall see what will become of his dreams.

 

And here it is judgment, calamity from God, the opposite of peace.

 

Isaiah 45:7  I form the light, and create darkness: I make peace, and create evil: I the LORD do all these things.

 

Regarding the message of this passage Paul will say to not be full of care;

 

Philippians 4:6  Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God.

 

Remember Isaiah’s promise;

 

Isaiah 26:3  Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace, whose mind is stayed on thee: because he trusteth in thee.

 

Also keep in mind what Peter wrote;

 

1Peter 5:6  Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time: 7  Casting all your care upon him; for he careth for you.

 

So we are commanded not to have anxiety, not to worry. I don’t know any Christian who doesn’t worry even though they might insist they don’t and call their concerns about their loved ones, about tomorrow, or about the trouble they face something other than worry. It is a common thing for one person to feel just like another but in order to feel superior and smug simply label what they feel inside as different. It is dishonest and foolish and insulting but it is in our nature.

 

Christ points out that what you have to deal with today is enough to concern yourself with. It is sound advice and a just command.



[1] Kaufmann Kohler, “Alms,” Jewish Encyclopedia, https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1295-alms (accessed 05 Aug 2022).