Monday, September 30, 2019

Genesis 1:14-19 comments: an earth-centered cosmology


    1:14 ¶  And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years: 15  And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth: and it was so. 16  And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also. 17  And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth, 18  And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness: and God saw that it was good. 19  And the evening and the morning were the fourth day.
The Bible teaches an earth-centered and an earth-focused universe. Theoretical scientists dismiss this notion as in order to push an atheist agenda this cannot be accepted. However, some of the most brilliant scientists have admitted that the earth appears, from their own observations, to be in a central location in the universe although they simply cannot intellectually accept that.
Fred Hoyle, one of history’s great theoretical scientists, wrote in a textbook published in 1975;

However, [refers to a diagram of the universe] would demand a special relation of our own galaxy to the universe, since in this figure we have taken our galaxy to be located in the center of a nonuniform distribution of galaxies. It hardly seems plausible that our galaxy would be in any such privileged position. So we answer the above question [would anywhere appear to be the center making the universe acentric?] affirmatively on intellectual grounds rather than because such an answer is determined by observation.[1]
The fact that, according to the observations of many theoretical scientists, based on the data they have collected based on their own theories and mathematical models, the earth may be in a central position in the universe is interesting, to say the least. Regarding the belief that was once widely held by both scientists and Christians, that the earth was the center of the solar system (geocentric theory) rather than the sun (heliocentric theory), as Copernicus theorized, Hoyle had this interesting statement to make. “We now know that the difference between a heliocentric theory and a geocentric theory is one of relative motion only, and that such a difference has no physical significance.”[2] Remember there are no walls, ceiling, or floors in space so determining relative motion without those reference points can be very complicated and often the evidence and mathematical calculations can point to one way and also prove the reverse.
In the controversial book Rare Earth: Why Complex Life is Uncommon in the Universe by University of Washington scientists, Peter Ward, a geologist and paleontologist, and Donald Brownlee, astronomer and astrobiologist, put forth the evidence and theory that showed that for life to exist on earth the universe was perfectly suited and even a slight variation in much of the observable universe would result in a lifeless earth.
From our perspective here the earth appears to be the center of the universe and the only place where the existence of life is necessary. The Bible here states clearly that the sun and the moon were created for the earth, for purposes here, and were not formed by a random process without meaning.
However, modern ideology, that life is basically an accident and we are insignificant, swirling in an equally insignificant position in the universe, is the prevailing modern myth that you are allowing your children to be indoctrinated by in public school and in college.
By the way, with regard to the moon in verse 16 the Bible tells us that it does not generate light of its own…
Job 25:5  Behold even to the moon, and it shineth not; yea, the stars are not pure in his sight.
…just as we are told that the earth is not attached to any object…
Job 26:7  He stretcheth out the north over the empty place, and hangeth the earth upon nothing.
…and that it is circular in shape…
Isaiah 40:22  It is he that sitteth upon the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in:
…and that in the expanse of outer space there is a vast empty place as Job 26:7 stated above, which we have confirmed by observation.[3]
And yet, theoretical scientists, in the main, deny the Bible’s truth. However, any honest reading of philosophers of science will show you that theoretical science is driven by ideology as much as it is any honest assessment of the evidence.[4]
Your best bet is to believe the Bible as literally written. It is a primary source, given to men by the God who created them, and is thoroughly reliable while the musings of theoretical scientists are not. The sun and the moon exist to perform certain functions with regard to the earth, not as accidental events of nature in space-time.
There is a myth perpetuated by textbooks and lectures of scientists and philosophers that the ancients believed the universe was very small. The Christian writer, C.S. Lewis, referencing a number of ancient and medieval sources, pointed out that the ancients thought the universe to be quite large in his book The Discarded Image.[5]


[1] Fred Hoyle, Astronomy and Cosmology: A Modern Course (San Francisco: W.H. Freeman & Co., 1975), 87.
[2]  Ibid., 416.

[3] Sarah Knapton, “Mysterious Supervoid in Space is Largest Object Ever Discovered, Scientists Claim,” The Telegraph, April 20, 2015. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/space/11550868/Giant-mysterious-empty-hole-found-in-universe.html.

[4] Suggested reading includes Richard Lewontin’s Biology as Ideology, Paul Feyerabend’s The Tyranny of Science and Against Method, Ian Hacking’s Representing and Intervening, Nancy Cartwright’s How the Laws of Physics Lie, Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions and The Copernican Revolution, and E.A. Burtt’s The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Science, all of which I have read and have in my library.

[5] C. S. Lewis, The Discarded Image: An Introduction to Medieval and Renaissance Literature (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1964), 97-99.



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