Monday, December 12, 2022

Psalm 22 comments: Christ pointed to it from the Cross




Psalm 22:1 ¶  «To the chief Musician upon Aijeleth Shahar, A Psalm of David.» My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? why art thou so far from helping me, and from the words of my roaring? 2  O my God, I cry in the daytime, but thou hearest not; and in the night season, and am not silent. 3  But thou art holy, O thou that inhabitest the praises of Israel. 4  Our fathers trusted in thee: they trusted, and thou didst deliver them. 5  They cried unto thee, and were delivered: they trusted in thee, and were not confounded. 6  But I am a worm, and no man; a reproach of men, and despised of the people. 7  All they that see me laugh me to scorn: they shoot out the lip, they shake the head, saying, 8  He trusted on the LORD that he would deliver him: let him deliver him, seeing he delighted in him. 9  But thou art he that took me out of the womb: thou didst make me hope when I was upon my mother’s breasts. 10  I was cast upon thee from the womb: thou art my God from my mother’s belly.

 

As this Psalm is quoted from the Cross by the Lord Jesus Christ the prophetic import of it will receive more of a focus. But, first, as we’ve been doing, let’s look at David’s immediate context. Clearly it is a time of distress for David. We can see times when David might think of himself in a desperate situation when King Saul was pursuing him.

 

This is a prayer of desperation and of some doubt as to whether or not David will be spared even death in his situation. His appeal to God starts as David acknowledging that he belonged to God from the womb itself.

 

Prophetically, Jesus directed us to this Psalm about Him from the Cross at Calvary.

 

Mark 15:34  And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani? which is, being interpreted, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?

 

David says he is a worm and no man, despised of men. This reflects how despised David feels at the moment. Bildad, Job’s friend, speaks of man’s lowly condition in this way.

 

Job 26:1 ¶  Then answered Bildad the Shuhite, and said, 2  Dominion and fear are with him, he maketh peace in his high places. 3  Is there any number of his armies? and upon whom doth not his light arise? 4  How then can man be justified with God? or how can he be clean that is born of a woman? 5  Behold even to the moon, and it shineth not; yea, the stars are not pure in his sight. 6  How much less man, that is a worm? and the son of man, which is a worm?

 

David is crying out in this lamentation about his pathetic state but also making a plea for help as we will see in the next part of the Psalm.

 

Prophetically, this is an incredibly important Psalm which Christ directed us to from the Cross itself as reported in both Matthew 27:46 and Mark 15:34.

 

Matthew 27:46  And about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? that is to say, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?

 

This alerts us to consider Christ in every verse of this Psalm and how it was fulfilled in His first appearance on earth, particularly in His crucifixion and resurrection.

 

For us, personally, we can see ourselves in a seemingly hopeless situation, much attacked and burdened by trouble pleading with God that we belong to Him and that we are dependent upon Him and that our enemies are gloating in that we don’t seem to have any help from Him. In this case we are much like David.

 

Psalm 22:11 ¶  Be not far from me; for trouble is near; for there is none to help. 12  Many bulls have compassed me: strong bulls of Bashan have beset me round. 13  They gaped upon me with their mouths, as a ravening and a roaring lion. 14  I am poured out like water, and all my bones are out of joint: my heart is like wax; it is melted in the midst of my bowels. 15  My strength is dried up like a potsherd; and my tongue cleaveth to my jaws; and thou hast brought me into the dust of death. 16  For dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked have inclosed me: they pierced my hands and my feet. 17  I may tell all my bones: they look and stare upon me. 18  They part my garments among them, and cast lots upon my vesture. 19  But be not thou far from me, O LORD: O my strength, haste thee to help me. 20  Deliver my soul from the sword; my darling from the power of the dog. 21  Save me from the lion’s mouth: for thou hast heard me from the horns of the unicorns.

 

David’s plea continues asking that God be near and crying that there is no one to help him on this earth but God. These bulls of Bashan can be contrasted to another reference which helps in defining the phrase as symbolic.

 

Amos 4:1 ¶  Hear this word, ye kine of Bashan, that are in the mountain of Samaria, which oppress the poor, which crush the needy, which say to their masters, Bring, and let us drink.

 

Notice David’s complaint and declaration in Psalm 2 regarding those who opposed him.

 

Psalm 2:1 ¶  Why do the heathen rage, and the people imagine a vain thing? 2  The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD, and against his anointed, saying,

 

Bashan is in Manasseh’s territory.

 

Deuteronomy 3:13  And the rest of Gilead, and all Bashan, being the kingdom of Og, gave I unto the half tribe of Manasseh; all the region of Argob, with all Bashan, which was called the land of giants.

 

Without twisting the text into knots and running off to look for something outside of the Bible bulls of Bashan, many bulls can be symbolic for the strength and number of the forces opposed to David or for the spiritual entities with which he must contend.

 

Dogs can represent Gentiles, the heathens with which David must contend. Notice in Matthew 15 how Jesus sarcastically uses the typology of dogs with Gentiles as that must have been the commonly believed notion among the Jews.

 

Matthew 15:21 ¶  Then Jesus went thence, and departed into the coasts of Tyre and Sidon. 22  And, behold, a woman of Canaan came out of the same coasts, and cried unto him, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou Son of David; my daughter is grievously vexed with a devil. 23  But he answered her not a word. And his disciples came and besought him, saying, Send her away; for she crieth after us. 24  But he answered and said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 25  Then came she and worshipped him, saying, Lord, help me. 26  But he answered and said, It is not meet to take the children’s bread, and to cast it to dogs. 27  And she said, Truth, Lord: yet the dogs eat of the crumbs which fall from their masters’ table. 28  Then Jesus answered and said unto her, O woman, great is thy faith: be it unto thee even as thou wilt. And her daughter was made whole from that very hour.

 

Manasseh had helped David in 1Chronicles 12 by the way. He finishes here with a plea for help from God. Verse 20 and 21 have two words that we should take note of darling and unicorns.

 

Darling is again mentioned in;

 

Psalm 35:17  Lord, how long wilt thou look on? rescue my soul from their destructions, my darling from the lions.

 

The Hebrew word doesn’t help us as it refers to an only one, a beloved one, or even a child, but the Bible defines the darling here as the soul. Notice the placement of the words in the verse.

 

What is the soul? As the Bible is not a textbook but God’s revelation of His ministry of reconciling mankind to Himself it doesn’t define for us clearly many things we would like it to. So we have to piece together the evidence of many things we want to know from the text.

 

The first thing about the soul we have to understand is that Adam became a living soul when God breathed into his nostrils the breath of life. This applies only to Adam, the first person.

 

Genesis 2:7  And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.

 

It would be a twisted logic to then say that babies are not alive until they are breathing air because they are not created fully formed human adults all at once like Adam. Adam didn’t come about as a result of human conception with a mother and a father.

 

All souls are created by God.

 

Isaiah 42:5 ¶  Thus saith God the LORD, he that created the heavens, and stretched them out; he that spread forth the earth, and that which cometh out of it; he that giveth breath unto the people upon it, and spirit to them that walk therein:

 

Isaiah 57:16  For I will not contend for ever, neither will I be always wroth: for the spirit should fail before me, and the souls which I have made.

 

Job 12:10  In whose hand is the soul of every living thing, and the breath of all mankind.

 

Clearly the soul is the life force that leaves when the body dies.

 

Genesis 35:18  And it came to pass, as her soul was in departing, (for she died) that she called his name Benoni: but his father called him Benjamin.

 

The soul suffers torment in Hell.

 

Matthew 10:28  And fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.

 

But, what is important is that the soul is the seat of self-identity and will, passions and desires by which you are judged if you do not have Christ. See here regarding God’s soul.

 

Psalm 11:5  The LORD trieth the righteous: but the wicked and him that loveth violence his soul hateth.

 

David’s essential humanity is being threatened, who he is, and what he is about, and he pleads for God’s protection.

 

Unicorns is a word that the Catholic Church and medieval mythology have corrupted. I think it’s important to divert a little bit to open up the Bible for understanding.

Many skeptics have made hay over the word,” unicorn.” A review of over 200 lexicons from the Early Modern English Database reveals that a unicorn was understood to be an animal with one horn.[1] Sounds understandable. The technical name for the Indian Rhinoceros is Rhinoceros Unicornis. Marco Polo, the famed Venetian traveler of the Medieval Period of Western European history, referred to the Javan Rhinoceros as a unicorn among other one-horned animals.[2] 

The ancient Greeks referred to unicorns, not in their mythologies, but in their natural histories, and although Ctesias made the earliest mention of unicorns in his book, Indika it was obvious he was just going on legend and had not seen them with his own eyes. He described a wild ass colored white, red, and black. Such a fanciful description was carried on by Aristotle and Strabo, and it was not until Pliny the Elder in his On the Nature of Animals that he describes something realistic, an Indian ox, a monoceros, which in all likelihood was the Indian Rhino.

It is generally understood by the existence of them in the Lascaux cave paintings in France that the Rhinoceros once had a much larger range of living than it does today, the mythological horse with a horn being a totally separate concept from the reality spoken of in Job and here, evidenced in later Greek writings, or found in nature and cave paintings.

The Rhinoceros is a wild animal, a wild beast, God tells Job. He’s not going to pull your plow, plant your fields, or submit to your will. Go ahead, and try to harness him up, if you think you can.

This brings to mind a point that must be made about the Bible and its discussion of animals. Much is made by the creationist minded and the fundamentalist about the phrase, “after their kind,” in Genesis 1:21,25; 6:20; & 7:14. The word, “kind,” contrary to what is said often, does not refer to an individual species, whichever of the many definitions of species you use[3], whether it be a local, isolated group of finches or something like the, “breed,” of Animal Husbandry’s dog breeding. (Although there are significant differences between breed and species they are also not from the same disciplines so the issue is basically one about definition of terms that refer to similar but not identical things.)

 One of the things Charles Darwin was against was the popularly preached by clerics and many pre-Darwin biologists view that every species of animal that existed in his day was said to have come down from an original ancestor just like them in a doctrine called, “the immutability of species.” If there are a hundred species of a type of bird today then those species would have existed back to Noah’s Ark, goes the idea. This is, of course, absurd as mankind created many breeds of dogs in the last two hundred years alone. If you regarded a breed and a species as having similar meanings but under different types of scientific disciplines, Zoology versus Animal Husbandry, then you can imagine speciation, the process where different breeds or species of dogs, cats, horses, or birds came about taking place rather quickly in history.

 But the word, “kind,” doesn’t mean species at all. It is more like a general type of creature. Many species of cats came from the first cat creatures on Noah’s Ark. The problem with evolution is that the cat never became a dog, the pea never became a chrysanthemum, and an ape-like creature never became a man. There is no evidence of such a thing occurring without twisting the evidence into knots and the whole popularly understood concept of evolution in that regard, called macroevolution, is a fairy tale for atheists and in complete opposition to the Bible and reality.

Modern taxonomic classifications of living things are purely man-made and are totally subjective to what man chooses to include as a characteristic of the creature being named. God classifies animals differently based on characteristics that would be understood by men without microscopes. For instance, fowls fly, so the bat is a fowl in Leviticus 11:19 and Deuteronomy 14:18 and the Hebrew could not eat fowl with certain characteristics. The words reptile and mammal were classifications created by man for his own convenience and study. The Bible speaks of, “beasts of the field,” domestic animals, and, “beasts of the forest,” wild animals. It speaks about animals in the way of their usefulness generally to agricultural man or military man, not their peculiarities to the curious, modern man. Trying to force man’s definitions of everything from beasts to sin on the Bible’s definitions is futile and arrogant. When you argue allowing your opponent to control the definitions of words you are surrendering all leverage to them. Finally, a whale is a large creature that swims in the sea and therefore can be called a great fish, because fish are creatures that swim in the sea. Compare Jonah 1:17 and Matthew 12:40. The order, Cetacea, for whales, is not a concern of the Bible. A whale simply signifies a Leviathan, a large creature which, like all creatures, came first from the sea and then from the earth. (Genesis 1:20-24) Human taxonomic classifications are different language for a different purpose.

Don’t read your own definitions, preferences, or opinions any more than your own personal fears, hatreds, or bigotry back into the Bible.

Prophetically, this passage like the one before it carries staggering implications for Christ on the Cross at Calvary.

 

For verse 12 commentators have insisted that this is a reference to the religious elite and the politically powerful who stand against Christ and made the orders that put Him on the Cross.

 

In verse 14 we are reminded of the process of His crucifixion.

 

John 19:32  Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other which was crucified with him. 33  But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs: 34  But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith came there out blood and water.

 

Look at possible cross-references for verse 16;

 

Luke 24:40  And when he had thus spoken, he shewed them his hands and his feet. [The implication here is that crucifixion required hands and feet to be nailed to the cross.]

 

Zechariah 12:10  And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for his firstborn.

 

Revelation 1:7  Behold, he cometh with clouds; and every eye shall see him, and they also which pierced him: and all kindreds of the earth shall wail because of him. Even so, Amen.

 

Dogs, as scavengers not beloved pets, don’t get a very good reputation in the Bible.

 

Exodus 22:31  And ye shall be holy men unto me: neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it to the dogs.

 

1Kings 14:11  Him that dieth of Jeroboam in the city shall the dogs eat; and him that dieth in the field shall the fowls of the air eat: for the LORD hath spoken it.

 

2Kings 9:10  And the dogs shall eat Jezebel in the portion of Jezreel, and there shall be none to bury her. And he opened the door, and fled.

 

Some commentators here liken the prophecy of Christ again as referring to the religious and political elite that cheer on His crucifixion.

 

Verses 17 and 18 speak of Christ’s condition hanging naked on the Cross. Notice this passage;

 

Matthew 27:35  And they crucified him, and parted his garments, casting lots: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, They parted my garments among them, and upon my vesture did they cast lots.

 

Mark 15:24  And when they had crucified him, they parted his garments, casting lots upon them, what every man should take.

 

Luke 23:34  Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.

 

John 19:23  Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments, and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also his coat: now the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout. 24  They said therefore among themselves, Let us not rend it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be: that the scripture might be fulfilled, which saith, They parted my raiment among them, and for my vesture they did cast lots. These things therefore the soldiers did.

 

The Holy Spirit here is speaking of Christ in His humanity with a human soul in grave danger at the hands of wicked men. The phrase from the horns of the unicorns is very interesting as the Holy Spirit underscores the power of this huge animal linking it to our powerful God. I suspect it may have been an idiom of the early Jews of those days that is lost to us.

 

For us personally, this passage of Psalms 22 suggests a time when we are surrounded by enemies who seem to be victorious and gloating in their apparent victory. We can lose our job or be in danger of it. We can lose our status in some organization or even members of our own family can seem to be trying to harm us and enjoying the pain we endure. But, the most blatant interpretation can be when we suffer these things for our devotion to Christ and our following of God’s commands and rejection of sin. The partisans of the enemy will often turn and rend you, enjoying every second of your pain and anguish, even if it be only emotional.

 

Psalm 22:22 ¶  I will declare thy name unto my brethren: in the midst of the congregation will I praise thee. 23  Ye that fear the LORD, praise him; all ye the seed of Jacob, glorify him; and fear him, all ye the seed of Israel. 24  For he hath not despised nor abhorred the affliction of the afflicted; neither hath he hid his face from him; but when he cried unto him, he heard. 25  My praise shall be of thee in the great congregation: I will pay my vows before them that fear him. 26  The meek shall eat and be satisfied: they shall praise the LORD that seek him: your heart shall live for ever. 27  All the ends of the world shall remember and turn unto the LORD: and all the kindreds of the nations shall worship before thee. 28  For the kingdom is the LORD’S: and he is the governor among the nations. 29  All they that be fat upon earth shall eat and worship: all they that go down to the dust shall bow before him: and none can keep alive his own soul. 30  A seed shall serve him; it shall be accounted to the Lord for a generation. 31  They shall come, and shall declare his righteousness unto a people that shall be born, that he hath done this.

 

Here, David starts with an evangelistic promise, that he will declare God to his people and praise God in the midst of the congregation. This is a commitment for David, a man after God’s own heart. Then, we have the declaration that those that fear the Lord should praise Him speaking to all of Israel.

 

Verse 24 underscores God’s compassion for the sick and those tormented by physical handicap. God does not prevent them from appealing to Him. He hears them.

 

David promises in verse 25 that he will praise God in the great congregation which must mean the whole of Israel. See here other references in Psalms that may give light to this phrase and I think it may refer to temple worship.

 

Psalm 22:22 ¶  I will declare thy name unto my brethren: in the midst of the congregation will I praise thee.

 

Psalm 35:18  I will give thee thanks in the great congregation: I will praise thee among much people.

 

Psalm 40:9  I have preached righteousness in the great congregation: lo, I have not refrained my lips, O LORD, thou knowest. 10  I have not hid thy righteousness within my heart; I have declared thy faithfulness and thy salvation: I have not concealed thy lovingkindness and thy truth from the great congregation.

 

Psalm 111:1 ¶  Praise ye the LORD. I will praise the LORD with my whole heart, in the assembly of the upright, and in the congregation.

 

Psalm 56:12  Thy vows are upon me, O God: I will render praises unto thee.

 

Psalm 65:1 ¶  «To the chief Musician, A Psalm and Song of David.» Praise waiteth for thee, O God, in Sion: and unto thee shall the vow be performed.…13 ¶  I will go into thy house with burnt offerings: I will pay thee my vows,…16  Come and hear, all ye that fear God, and I will declare what he hath done for my soul.

 

Psalm 116:14  I will pay my vows unto the LORD now in the presence of all his people. 15  Precious in the sight of the LORD is the death of his saints. 16  O LORD, truly I am thy servant; I am thy servant, and the son of thine handmaid: thou hast loosed my bonds. 17  I will offer to thee the sacrifice of thanksgiving, and will call upon the name of the LORD. 18  I will pay my vows unto the LORD now in the presence of all his people, 19  In the courts of the LORD’S house, in the midst of thee, O Jerusalem. Praise ye the LORD.

 

Psalm 118:19 ¶  Open to me the gates of righteousness: I will go into them, and I will praise the LORD:

 

By the structure of verse 26 it appears to me that David is saying that the meek, in this case those who seek the Lord and as a consequence praise Him, but that they not only will be filled and satisfied but that their heart shall live for ever. There is a lot to unpack in this verse.

 

Notice how meek is used in the following verse;

 

Numbers 12:3  (Now the man Moses was very meek, above all the men which were upon the face of the earth.)

 

Now why is an Egyptian prince who murders a man and also then leads a couple of million people on a forty year long journey through a wilderness called meek?

 

We know meek is used of the poor.

 

Isaiah 29:19  The meek also shall increase their joy in the LORD, and the poor among men shall rejoice in the Holy One of Israel.

 

But in reference to Moses and to Christ it must be said to be subordinate to God the Father. Christ, in His humanity showed us that He was not above obeying the Father’s will as our example.

 

Matthew 11:29  Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me; for I am meek and lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls.

 

So, meekness for those who seek and praise God reflects their submission to Him.

 

The mention of heart as in your heart shall live forever is significant. We think of the heart figuratively as from where our emotions come although we know the heart is affected by emotions but doesn’t create them. Still, we do not make rational decisions without emotion being involved. Our reason is dependent upon both the mind and the heart. Our ability to choose is profoundly affected by it. And so, our thoughts can be considered to be products of not only the mind but the heart as well.

 

Genesis 6:5  And GOD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.

 

Notice some other statements about our spiritual heart, the one you can’t see, like our minds.

 

Genesis 17:17  Then Abraham fell upon his face, and laughed, and said in his heart, Shall a child be born unto him that is an hundred years old? and shall Sarah, that is ninety years old, bear?

 

1Samuel 2:35  And I will raise me up a faithful priest, that shall do according to that which is in mine heart and in my mind: and I will build him a sure house; and he shall walk before mine anointed for ever.

 

The error of Modernism is to read the heart and mind as two completely different things because they are, well, different words referring to different organs, one of which we know does not generate thoughts in its physical self. This is proof the Holy Spirit is talking about heart as it is used in common speech as in when we say someone is, “following their heart.”

 

your heart shall live for ever from David’s perspective suggests a temporal long, time as in the preservation of the lives of those that seek God or can even be thought of as eternity. Neither John Gill nor Matthew Henry sought to give this phrase a meaning in context. They forwarded it to a prophecy of Christians and Christ.

 

In verses 27 and 28 it is clear that David is making a prophetic statement but for someone who would have no idea of people in South America or distant Asia it is also clear that he is referring to the world he knows, the world of northeastern Africa and the Near East. Keep in mind that when ancient Greek and Roman writers talked about the world or the earth they were referring to the Mediterranean World and certainly no further afield than the western kingdoms of India.

 

29  All they that be fat upon earth shall eat and worship: all they that go down to the dust shall bow before him: and none can keep alive his own soul. 30  A seed shall serve him; it shall be accounted to the Lord for a generation. 31  They shall come, and shall declare his righteousness unto a people that shall be born, that he hath done this.

 

In the latter part of this chapter from David’s context is reflected his assurance of God, the great leveler of all social classes, will prevail. He will have those who will serve him, most notably in this context, Israel, understood then to be His firstborn.

 

Exodus 4:22  And thou shalt say unto Pharaoh, Thus saith the LORD, Israel is my son, even my firstborn:

 

Prophetically speaking this is still in the context of Christ’s crucifixion, resurrection, and the eventual faith of Christianity.

 

Christ declared God to the Jews Himself and to the Gentiles mostly through His Apostles in so many verses there is no need to post them here if you have read the Gospels. Verse 26 shows us that those that seek the Lord will live forever. This is a promise of eternal life.

 

John 10:28  And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand.

 

The meek will seek God, eat, and be satisfied. Notice this verse;

 

Matthew 5:6  Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness: for they shall be filled.

 

Verse 27 and 28 appear to belong to the millennial reign of Christ. And this does seem to be, for us in prophecy, a reference to the entire world as we know it, as the Holy Spirit knows it, the whole earth.

 

Revelation 11:15  And the seventh angel sounded; and there were great voices in heaven, saying, The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord, and of his Christ; and he shall reign for ever and ever.

 

Psalm 2:8  Ask of me, and I shall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession.

 

Psalm 72:8  He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth.

 

Psalm 72:11  Yea, all kings shall fall down before him: all nations shall serve him.

 

Psalm 86:9  All nations whom thou hast made shall come and worship before thee, O Lord; and shall glorify thy name.

 

Psalm 98:3  He hath remembered his mercy and his truth toward the house of Israel: all the ends of the earth have seen the salvation of our God.

 

Isaiah 45:22  Look unto me, and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth: for I am God, and there is none else.

 

Isaiah 49:6  And he said, It is a light thing that thou shouldest be my servant to raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the preserved of Israel: I will also give thee for a light to the Gentiles, that thou mayest be my salvation unto the end of the earth…12  Behold, these shall come from far: and, lo, these from the north and from the west; and these from the land of Sinim. (This is understood to be a reference to China. We get the word Sinology which internet sources note was coined in 1838 from the Latin and Greek words for China which may have been their derivations of the Qin or Ch’in dynasty, founded much later than this writing in the 200s BC but from the Southwestern Chinese state of Qin or Ch’in, founded at about a hundred years after David’s kingdom but a hundred years or so before Isaiah’s writings. This is a clear revealing that there must have been trade or contact with western China in Isaiah’s time, which was in the 700s BC around the time of the founding of the city of Rome.)

 

29  All they that be fat upon earth shall eat and worship: all they that go down to the dust shall bow before him: and none can keep alive his own soul.

 

The fat is a reference to those who have plenty because all through history until recently having proof of your having plenty to eat showed your wealth and status.

 

Psalm 92:14  They shall still bring forth fruit in old age; they shall be fat and flourishing;

 

Those that go down to the dust are the poor and the ‘wretched of the earth’ to use the name of Fanon’s book on revolution from the early 1960s.

 

Psalm 113:7  He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth the needy out of the dunghill;

 

Both poor and rich shall bow to God and neither of them can keep themselves alive.

 

Isaiah 45:23  I have sworn by myself, the word is gone out of my mouth in righteousness, and shall not return, That unto me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear.

 

Romans 14:11  For it is written, As I live, saith the Lord, every knee shall bow to me, and every tongue shall confess to God.

 

They cannot escape death on their own.

 

Ecclesiastes 8:8  There is no man that hath power over the spirit to retain the spirit; neither hath he power in the day of death: and there is no discharge in that war; neither shall wickedness deliver those that are given to it.

 

30  A seed shall serve him; it shall be accounted to the Lord for a generation. 31  They shall come, and shall declare his righteousness unto a people that shall be born, that he hath done this.

 

I think this is a clear prophetic reference to those who will be born again in Christ. He generates their new birth and they come from Him spiritually.

 

John 1:12  But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name: 13  Which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God.

 

John 3:3  Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God.

 

1Peter 1:23  Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.

 

This also speaks of the work of evangelism that Christians do when they declare, as an evangelist, Christ as the Saviour of the world and the creator of all things by which they are also sustained.

 

Here, Timothy is told by Paul to do the work of an evangelist.

 

2Timothy 4:5  But watch thou in all things, endure afflictions, do the work of an evangelist, make full proof of thy ministry.

 

Here the Word is said to have made all things.

John 1:1 ¶  In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.

2  The same was in the beginning with God. 3  All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.

 

Here the Word was made flesh, given skin and bones.

 

John 1:14  And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.

 

Here Christ sustains and holds all things together and keeps them in play.

 

Colossians 1:17  And he is before all things, and by him all things consist.

 

For the modern Christian in a country where they are tolerated somewhat or a country where their existence is not tolerated at all this is an affirmation of their faith in Christ and a recognition of the horror they are facing. I think we can see here the Christian in places in the communist and the Muslim world whose fate on earth hangs on a thread pleading for deliverance but acknowledging the Lordship of Christ and His enduring work through all the generations. I can envision one of these persecuted ones praying this Psalm as a prayer for help, for justice, and as a revelation of Christ in whom they have all their confidence.



[1] (44) “Lexicons of Early Modern English,” (Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press, 2015), http://leme.library.utoronto.ca/search/results.cfm, (accessed 1.13.2015).

[2] Henry Yule, ed. & transl. The Book of Ser Marco Polo (London: John Murray Publishers, 1903), 285. https://archive.org/stream/bookofsermarcopo002polo#page/n9/mode/2up (accessed 1.13.2015).

[3] John S. Wilkins, “A List of 26 Species “Concepts”, Science Blogs: Evolving Thoughts, http://scienceblogs.com/evolvingthoughts/2006/10/01/a-list-of-26-species-concepts/ (accessed 1.14.2015).

 

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