Deuteronomy 1:19 ¶ And when we departed from Horeb, we went through all that great and terrible wilderness, which ye saw by the way of the mountain of the Amorites, as the LORD our God commanded us; and we came to Kadeshbarnea. 20 And I said unto you, Ye are come unto the mountain of the Amorites, which the LORD our God doth give unto us. 21 Behold, the LORD thy God hath set the land before thee: go up and possess it, as the LORD God of thy fathers hath said unto thee; fear not, neither be discouraged. 22 And ye came near unto me every one of you, and said, We will send men before us, and they shall search us out the land, and bring us word again by what way we must go up, and into what cities we shall come. 23 And the saying pleased me well: and I took twelve men of you, one of a tribe: 24 And they turned and went up into the mountain, and came unto the valley of Eshcol, and searched it out. 25 And they took of the fruit of the land in their hands, and brought it down unto us, and brought us word again, and said, It is a good land which the LORD our God doth give us. 26 Notwithstanding ye would not go up, but rebelled against the commandment of the LORD your God: 27 And ye murmured in your tents, and said, Because the LORD hated us, he hath brought us forth out of the land of Egypt, to deliver us into the hand of the Amorites, to destroy us. 28 Whither shall we go up? our brethren have discouraged our heart, saying, The people is greater and taller than we; the cities are great and walled up to heaven; and moreover we have seen the sons of the Anakims there. 29 Then I said unto you, Dread not, neither be afraid of them. 30 The LORD your God which goeth before you, he shall fight for you, according to all that he did for you in Egypt before your eyes; 31 And in the wilderness, where thou hast seen how that the LORD thy God bare thee, as a man doth bear his son, in all the way that ye went, until ye came into this place. 32 Yet in this thing ye did not believe the LORD your God, 33 Who went in the way before you, to search you out a place to pitch your tents in, in fire by night, to shew you by what way ye should go, and in a cloud by day. 34 And the LORD heard the voice of your words, and was wroth, and sware, saying, 35 Surely there shall not one of these men of this evil generation see that good land, which I sware to give unto your fathers, 36 Save Caleb the son of Jephunneh; he shall see it, and to him will I give the land that he hath trodden upon, and to his children, because he hath wholly followed the LORD. 37 Also the LORD was angry with me for your sakes, saying, Thou also shalt not go in thither. 38 But Joshua the son of Nun, which standeth before thee, he shall go in thither: encourage him: for he shall cause Israel to inherit it. 39 Moreover your little ones, which ye said should be a prey, and your children, which in that day had no knowledge between good and evil, they shall go in thither, and unto them will I give it, and they shall possess it. 40 But as for you, turn you, and take your journey into the wilderness by the way of the Red sea. 41 Then ye answered and said unto me, We have sinned against the LORD, we will go up and fight, according to all that the LORD our God commanded us. And when ye had girded on every man his weapons of war, ye were ready to go up into the hill. 42 And the LORD said unto me, Say unto them, Go not up, neither fight; for I am not among you; lest ye be smitten before your enemies. 43 So I spake unto you; and ye would not hear, but rebelled against the commandment of the LORD, and went presumptuously up into the hill. 44 And the Amorites, which dwelt in that mountain, came out against you, and chased you, as bees do, and destroyed you in Seir, even unto Hormah. 45 And ye returned and wept before the LORD; but the LORD would not hearken to your voice, nor give ear unto you. 46 So ye abode in Kadesh many days, according unto the days that ye abode there.
Let’s review what happened from Numbers 13 and my
comments on that after reading this passage.
“Numbers
13:1 ¶ And the LORD spake unto Moses,
saying, 2 Send thou men, that they may
search the land of Canaan, which I give unto the children of Israel: of every
tribe of their fathers shall ye send a man, every one a ruler among them.
3 And Moses by the commandment of the
LORD sent them from the wilderness of Paran: all those men were heads of
the children of Israel. 4 And these were
their names: of the tribe of Reuben, Shammua the son of Zaccur. 5 Of the tribe of Simeon, Shaphat the son of
Hori. 6 Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb the
son of Jephunneh. 7 Of the tribe of
Issachar, Igal the son of Joseph. 8 Of
the tribe of Ephraim, Oshea the son of Nun. 9
Of the tribe of Benjamin, Palti the son of Raphu. 10 Of the tribe of Zebulun, Gaddiel the son of
Sodi. 11 Of the tribe of Joseph, namely,
of the tribe of Manasseh, Gaddi the son of Susi. 12 Of the tribe of Dan, Ammiel the son of
Gemalli. 13 Of the tribe of Asher,
Sethur the son of Michael. 14 Of the
tribe of Naphtali, Nahbi the son of Vophsi. 15
Of the tribe of Gad, Geuel the son of Machi. 16 These are the names of the men which Moses
sent to spy out the land. And Moses called Oshea the son of Nun Jehoshua.
17 And Moses sent them to spy out the
land of Canaan, and said unto them, Get you up this way southward, and
go up into the mountain: 18 And see the
land, what it is; and the people that dwelleth therein, whether they be
strong or weak, few or many; 19 And what
the land is that they dwell in, whether it be good or bad; and
what cities they be that they dwell in, whether in tents, or in strong
holds; 20 And what the land is, whether
it be fat or lean, whether there be wood therein, or not. And be ye of
good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time was the
time of the firstripe grapes.
Oshea is Jehoshua,
which is a variant spelling of Joshua, both meaning “Jehovah is
salvation” according to Strong. Jesus is the Greek version of that
Hebrew name. This creates a strong prophetic link between Jesus and Joshua.
At the peak of Egypt’s
power, in the general time frame of 1100 to 1600BC and keep in mind that dating
ancient history is a dicey proposition at best as scholars try to connect
events in one civilization with other civilizations with great uncertainty,
Canaan was a tributary of this great superpower. God has Moses scout out the
cities of Canaan so that the Hebrews can determine their size and strength,
checking out how fruitful the land might be. They need to see with their eyes
the value of the land they are being given and understand what they are up
against even though God, as you remember from Exodus, 23, has promised to drive
the inhabitants out gradually based on the Hebrew’s obedience.
Numbers
13:21 ¶ So they went up, and searched
the land from the wilderness of Zin unto Rehob, as men come to Hamath. 22 And they ascended by the south, and came unto
Hebron; where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the children of Anak, were.
(Now Hebron was built seven years before Zoan in Egypt.) 23 And they came unto the brook of Eshcol, and
cut down from thence a branch with one cluster of grapes, and they bare it
between two upon a staff; and they brought of the pomegranates, and of
the figs. 24 The place was called the
brook Eshcol, because of the cluster of grapes which the children of Israel cut
down from thence. 25 And they returned
from searching of the land after forty days.
Numbers
13:26 ¶ And they went and came to Moses,
and to Aaron, and to all the congregation of the children of Israel, unto the
wilderness of Paran, to Kadesh; and brought back word unto them, and unto all
the congregation, and shewed them the fruit of the land. 27 And they told him, and said, We came unto the
land whither thou sentest us, and surely it floweth with milk and honey; and
this is the fruit of it. 28
Nevertheless the people be strong that dwell in the land, and the
cities are walled, and very great: and moreover we saw the
children of Anak there. 29 The
Amalekites dwell in the land of the south: and the Hittites, and the Jebusites,
and the Amorites, dwell in the mountains: and the Canaanites dwell by the sea,
and by the coast of Jordan. 30 And Caleb
stilled the people before Moses, and said, Let us go up at once, and possess
it; for we are well able to overcome it. 31
But the men that went up with him said, We be not able to go up against
the people; for they are stronger than we. 32 And they brought up an evil report of the
land which they had searched unto the children of Israel, saying, The land,
through which we have gone to search it, is a land that eateth up the
inhabitants thereof; and all the people that we saw in it are men of a
great stature. 33 And there we saw the
giants, the sons of Anak, which come of the giants: and we were in our
own sight as grasshoppers, and so we were in their sight.
An
evil report is a report that is negative, has some bad things to say about a
subject. We first saw mention of it in the story of Joseph.
Genesis
37:2 These are the generations of Jacob.
Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brethren; and
the lad was with the sons of Bilhah, and with the sons of Zilpah, his father’s
wives: and Joseph brought unto his father their evil report.
Another thing of note
is that these scouts or spies saw giants. Remember what was said in the first
part of Genesis.
Genesis
6:4 There were giants in the earth in
those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the
daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same became mighty men
which were of old, men of renown.
Keep in mind that since Genesis 6:9 says that Noah was perfect in
his generations it is possible there was no genetic taint of the fallen sons of
God and human women so this genetic abnormality that produced giants would come
through his wife to his sons. I want to repeat what I said in my comments on
Genesis 6:4.
The
resultant offspring of these sons of God and human women were giants, famous as
heroes in myth and legend. The mythologies of the world have brought us stories
of these great men of renown with
various names and in various forms. The phrase and also after that shows that this was an ongoing problem even
after the Flood. I will not go into the many websites about and books written
on findings of giant remains in graves and tombs as it is difficult to
distinguish fact from fancy and outright fraud. Sticking with the Bible
account, though, we have many references that would render some of the modern
stories about archaeological finds understandable and believable. Here are a
few examples of the many references to giants with the measurement given so
that we see these were not just National Basketball Association (NBA) style
large men.
Deuteronomy
3:11 For only Og king of Bashan remained
of the remnant of giants; behold, his bedstead was a bedstead of iron; is it
not in Rabbath of the children of Ammon? nine cubits was the length thereof,
and four cubits the breadth of it, after the cubit of a man. [that
is between
13 ½ to 18 feet long depending on the actual length of
a cubit]
1Samuel
17:4 And there went out a champion out
of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six
cubits and a span. [Goliath was between around 9 feet plus
and 12 feet tall]
Other
references to show that there were places where such giants were common are;
Numbers
13:33 And there we saw the giants, the
sons of Anak, which come of the giants: and we were in our own sight as
grasshoppers, and so we were in their sight.
Deuteronomy
2:10 The Emims dwelt therein in times
past, a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims; 11 Which also were accounted giants, as the
Anakims; but the Moabites call them Emims.
Deuteronomy
3:13 And the rest of Gilead, and all
Bashan, being the kingdom of Og, gave I unto the half tribe of Manasseh; all
the region of Argob, with all Bashan, which was called the land of giants.
Joshua
15:8 And the border went up by the
valley of the son of Hinnom unto the south side of the Jebusite; the same is
Jerusalem: and the border went up to the top of the mountain that lieth before
the valley of Hinnom westward, which is at the end of the valley of the giants northward:”
The
conditions in Canaan at this point in time are vastly different than they were
during the famine time of Joseph’s rule in Egypt. It was clearly going through
a time of great agricultural abundance and plenty, ripe for the picking.
Ancient
Canaan was at a strategic point between Europe, Asia, and Africa and while
under Egyptian control up until the loss of the Pharaoh and his army in the Red
Sea, they would have been militarily strong contending before and after that
against each other and other conquerors as we saw in Genesis 14. These were
walled towns, mini kingdoms, with a history of warfare. Caleb recommended an
immediate assault to overwhelm the Canaanites, probably not united at this
point with their master Egypt not on the scene still harboring their petty
jealousies and conflicts between each other. Now was the time.
Numbers,
chapter 14
Numbers
14:1 ¶ And all the congregation lifted
up their voice, and cried; and the people wept that night. 2 And all the children of Israel murmured
against Moses and against Aaron: and the whole congregation said unto them,
Would God that we had died in the land of Egypt! or would God we had died in
this wilderness! 3 And wherefore hath
the LORD brought us unto this land, to fall by the sword, that our wives and
our children should be a prey? were it not better for us to return into Egypt?
4 And they said one to another, Let us
make a captain, and let us return into Egypt.
Here is mass hysteria
and a lack of faith. Although we can see examples of it in our lives this seems
crazy after the supernatural deliverance at the Red Sea the Hebrews saw. But,
each of us has been delivered from some potentially catastrophic thing only to
cry out again for God’s deliverance and wish we had done something different
often showing a complete lack of faith in God’s providential hand and in His
mercy. God brought you to the place you are and you wish you had never left the
place where you were and yet God has a plan for your life and you are where He
wants you to be right now and will see His will bear out in your life.
Notice previous
examples of the Hebrew’s whining about “good ole’ Egypt.”
Exodus
16:3 And the children of Israel said
unto them, Would to God we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of
Egypt, when we sat by the flesh pots, and when we did eat bread to the full;
for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly
with hunger.”
Going back to Deuteronomy 1:37 remember that God was
angry with Moses. Moses will refer this again in chapters 3, 4, & 34 as it
is the great disappointment of Moses’ earthly life. Here is what I said
previously. The desert of Zin and Kadesh are different locations than the
wilderness of Sin and Rephidim mentioned in Exodus 17 although both are called
Meribah because of the griping of the Israelites.
“Numbers
20:1 ¶ Then came the children of Israel,
even the whole congregation, into the desert of Zin in the first month:
and the people abode in Kadesh; and Miriam died there, and was buried there.
2 And there was no water for the
congregation: and they gathered themselves together against Moses and against
Aaron. 3 And the people chode with
Moses, and spake, saying, Would God that we had died when our brethren died
before the LORD! 4 And why have ye
brought up the congregation of the LORD into this wilderness, that we and our
cattle should die there? 5 And wherefore
have ye made us to come up out of Egypt, to bring us in unto this evil place?
it is no place of seed, or of figs, or of vines, or of pomegranates;
neither is there any water to drink. 6
And Moses and Aaron went from the presence of the assembly unto the door
of the tabernacle of the congregation, and they fell upon their faces: and the
glory of the LORD appeared unto them. 7
And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, 8
Take the rod, and gather thou the assembly together, thou, and Aaron thy
brother, and speak ye unto the rock before their eyes; and it shall give forth
his water, and thou shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock: so thou
shalt give the congregation and their beasts drink. 9 And Moses took the rod from before the LORD,
as he commanded him. 10 And Moses and
Aaron gathered the congregation together before the rock, and he said unto
them, Hear now, ye rebels; must we fetch you water out of this rock? 11 And Moses lifted up his hand, and with his
rod he smote the rock twice: and the water came out abundantly, and the
congregation drank, and their beasts also. 12 And the LORD spake unto Moses and Aaron,
Because ye believed me not, to sanctify me in the eyes of the children of
Israel, therefore ye shall not bring this congregation into the land which I
have given them. 13 This is the
water of Meribah; because the children of Israel strove with the LORD, and he
was sanctified in them.
Sufficient water for a
large number of people was always going to be a problem. But, God would and did
provide for them. Still, Moses and Aaron were told to speak to the rock in this
passage but they elected to do something more dramatic and strike the rock.
Paul tells us that that Rock was Christ. Perhaps this is a metaphor or perhaps
God allowed Himself to be bruised for the transgressions of the Hebrews as a
type of His sacrifice for all mankind to come.
1Corinthians
10:1 ¶ Moreover, brethren, I would not
that ye should be ignorant, how that all our fathers were under the cloud, and
all passed through the sea; 2 And were
all baptized unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea; 3 And did all eat the same spiritual meat; 4 And did all drink the same spiritual drink:
for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was
Christ.
Let’s recall another
incident where the rock was to be struck and not merely spoken to.
Exodus 17:1
¶ And all the congregation of the
children of Israel journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, after their journeys,
according to the commandment of the LORD, and pitched in Rephidim: and there
was no water for the people to drink. 2
Wherefore the people did chide with Moses, and said, Give us water that
we may drink. And Moses said unto them, Why chide ye with me? wherefore do ye
tempt the LORD? 3 And the people
thirsted there for water; and the people murmured against Moses, and said, Wherefore
is this that thou hast brought us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children
and our cattle with thirst? 4 And Moses
cried unto the LORD, saying, What shall I do unto this people? they be almost
ready to stone me. 5 And the LORD said
unto Moses, Go on before the people, and take with thee of the elders of
Israel; and thy rod, wherewith thou smotest the river, take in thine hand, and
go. 6 Behold, I will stand before thee
there upon the rock in Horeb; and thou shalt smite the rock, and there shall
come water out of it, that the people may drink. And Moses did so in the sight
of the elders of Israel. 7 And he called
the name of the place Massah, and Meribah, because of the chiding of the
children of Israel, and because they tempted the LORD, saying, Is the LORD
among us, or not?
Psalm
78:15 He clave the rocks in the
wilderness, and gave them drink as out of the great depths. 16 He brought streams also out of the rock, and
caused waters to run down like rivers…20
Behold, he smote the rock, that the waters gushed out, and the streams
overflowed; can he give bread also? can he provide flesh for his people?
Psalm
105:41 He opened the rock, and the
waters gushed out; they ran in the dry places like a river.
By the way, the
wilderness or desert of Zin was along by the border of Edom.
Numbers 34:3 Then your south quarter shall be from the
wilderness of Zin along by the coast of Edom, and your south border shall be
the outmost coast of the salt sea eastward:
The wilderness of Sin was
between Elim and Sinai.
Exodus 16:1 And they took their journey from Elim, and
all the congregation of the children of Israel came unto the wilderness of Sin,
which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after
their departing out of the land of Egypt.
The argument is also made that
both are the same location which is a contradiction of what the Bible clearly
says in the list of wanderings in Numbers 33:12 and 36.”
Back to Deuteronomy, in
chapter 3 Moses will say;
Deuteronomy
3:24 O Lord GOD, thou hast begun to shew
thy servant thy greatness, and thy mighty hand: for what God is there in heaven
or in earth, that can do according to thy works, and according to thy might? 25 I pray thee, let me go over, and see the good
land that is beyond Jordan, that goodly mountain, and Lebanon.26 But the LORD was wroth with me for your
sakes, and would not hear me: and the LORD said unto me, Let it suffice thee;
speak no more unto me of this matter. 27
Get thee up into the top of Pisgah, and lift up thine eyes westward, and
northward, and southward, and eastward, and behold it with thine eyes: for thou
shalt not go over this Jordan.
While in chapter 4 Moses noted;
Deuteronomy
4:21 Furthermore the LORD was angry with
me for your sakes, and sware that I
should
not go over Jordan, and that I should not go in unto that good land, which the
LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance: 22
But I must die in this land, I must not go over Jordan: but ye shall go
over, and possess that good land.
And in chapter 34 it was recorded, probably by Joshua;
Deuteronomy 34:1
¶ And Moses went up from the plains of
Moab unto the mountain of Nebo, to the top of Pisgah, that is over against
Jericho. And the LORD shewed him all the land of Gilead, unto Dan, 2 And all Naphtali, and the land of Ephraim,
and Manasseh, and all the land of Judah, unto the utmost sea, 3 And the south, and the plain of the valley of
Jericho, the city of palm trees, unto Zoar. 4
And the LORD said unto him, This is the land which I sware unto Abraham,
unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, saying, I will give it unto thy seed: I have caused
thee to see it with thine eyes, but thou shalt not go over thither.
5 ¶
So Moses the servant of the LORD died there in the land of Moab,
according to the word of the LORD. 6 And
he buried him in a valley in the land of Moab, over against Bethpeor: but no
man knoweth of his sepulchre unto this day. 7
And Moses was an hundred and twenty years old when he died: his eye was
not dim, nor his natural force abated. 8
And the children of Israel wept for Moses in the plains of Moab thirty
days: so the days of weeping and mourning for Moses were ended.
In Deuteronomy 1:38 Moses noted that he
was given permission to impart his authority to Joshua, to lead the Israelites
into the Promised Land.
“Numbers
27: 15 ¶ And Moses spake unto the LORD,
saying, 16 Let the LORD, the God of the
spirits of all flesh, set a man over the congregation, 17 Which may go out before them, and which may
go in before them, and which may lead them out, and which may bring them in;
that the congregation of the LORD be not as sheep which have no shepherd. 18 And the LORD said unto Moses, Take thee
Joshua the son of Nun, a man in whom is the spirit, and lay thine hand
upon him; 19 And set him before Eleazar
the priest, and before all the congregation; and give him a charge in their
sight. 20 And thou shalt put some
of thine honour upon him, that all the congregation of the children of Israel
may be obedient. 21 And he shall stand before Eleazar the priest,
who shall ask counsel for him after the judgment of Urim before the
LORD: at his word shall they go out, and at his word they shall come in, both
he, and all the children of Israel with him, even all the congregation. 22 And Moses did as the LORD commanded him: and
he took Joshua, and set him before Eleazar the priest, and before all the
congregation: 23 And he laid his hands
upon him, and gave him a charge, as the LORD commanded by the hand of Moses.
A spirit, lowercase s,
is the mind, the heart, the talents, the animating part of who we are, that
which allows us to act in the world. The God of the Bible is the God of the
spirits of all flesh as it says in Numbers 16. This spirit, it is
suggested, goes back to God at death and is eternal according to Solomon’s
great question.
Ecclesiastes
3:21 Who knoweth the spirit of man
that goeth upward, and the spirit of the beast that goeth
downward to the earth?
As per Moses’ request
God now ordains Joshua to lead the children of Israel after Moses’ demise.
Laying hands on someone
to impart authority or a task was also practiced in the early church. Paul
noted that Timothy was to build up the gift he had in him by staying on track,
not neglecting it, a gift that was imparted to him by the laying on of hands by
the presbytery, the body of elders.
1Timothy
4: 13 Till I come, give attendance to reading, to exhortation, to doctrine. 14 Neglect not the gift that is in thee, which
was given thee by prophecy, with the laying on of the hands of the presbytery. 15 Meditate upon these things; give thyself
wholly to them; that thy profiting may appear to all. 16 Take heed unto thyself, and unto the
doctrine; continue in them: for in doing this thou shalt both save thyself, and
them that hear thee.”
Back to Deuteronomy, verse 39 says Moreover your little ones, which ye said
should be a prey, and your children, which in that day had no knowledge between
good and evil, they shall go in thither, and unto them will I give it, and they
shall possess it.
Notice another comment made that implies
the innocence and unaccountability of children.
Jonah 4:11 And should not I spare Nineveh, that great
city, wherein are more than sixscore thousand persons that cannot discern
between their right hand and their left hand; and also much cattle?
God is merciful to children who do not
know right from wrong. This gives the lie to the traditional big church view in
history that only children of believers will go to heaven, creating fictional
places where the souls of dead babies, the aborted, and miscarriages go like
Limbo, a shadowy borderland between life on this earth and the presence of God.
Then the defeat in a scene that reinforces to us that
you cannot succeed without the Lord God’s blessing in any endeavor you pursue.
Numbers
14:36 ¶ And the men, which Moses sent to
search the land, who returned, and made all the congregation to murmur against
him, by bringing up a slander upon the land, 37
Even those men that did bring up the evil report upon the land, died by
the plague before the LORD. 38 But
Joshua the son of Nun, and Caleb the son of Jephunneh, which were of the
men that went to search the land, lived still. 39 And Moses told these sayings unto all the
children of Israel: and the people mourned greatly. 40 And they rose up early in the morning, and
gat them up into the top of the mountain, saying, Lo, we be here, and
will go up unto the place which the LORD hath promised: for we have sinned.
41 And Moses said, Wherefore now do ye
transgress the commandment of the LORD? but it shall not prosper. 42 Go not up, for the LORD is not among
you; that ye be not smitten before your enemies. 43 For the Amalekites and the Canaanites are
there before you, and ye shall fall by the sword: because ye are turned away
from the LORD, therefore the LORD will not be with you. 44 But they presumed to go up unto the hill top:
nevertheless the ark of the covenant of the LORD, and Moses, departed not out
of the camp. 45 Then the Amalekites came
down, and the Canaanites which dwelt in that hill, and smote them, and
discomfited them, even unto Hormah.
Rather than destroy the
entire race of people God brought out of Egypt his plague of pestilence as
mentioned in verse Numbers 14:37 is more limited in scope and includes all of
the scouts who tried to discourage the people. Only Caleb and Joshua
lived. The people mourned and declared
that they were ready to do God’s bidding but Moses told them that God would not
be with them.
Still the Hebrews tried
to go against the Amalekites and the Canaanites but God did not go with them.
They got beaten pretty badly and were driven backwards.
Numbers
13:29 The Amalekites dwell in the land
of the south: and the Hittites, and the Jebusites, and the Amorites, dwell in
the mountains: and the Canaanites dwell by the sea, and by the coast of Jordan.”
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